{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:12:02Z","timestamp":1787015522579,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,15]],"date-time":"2019-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To examine development of bipolar spectrum disorders (\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and other disorders in prospectively followed children with attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Method<\/jats:title>\n \n In the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (\n LAMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) study, 531 of 685 children age 6\u201312 (most selected for scores\u00a0>\u00a012 on General Behavior Inventory 10\u2010item Mania scale) had\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 112 with\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and 419 without. With annual assessments for 8\u00a0years, retention averaged 6.2\u00a0years. Chi\u2010square analyses compared rate of new\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and other comorbidity between those with versus without baseline\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and between retained versus resolved\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n diagnosis. Cox regression tested factors influencing speed of\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n onset.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 419 with baseline\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n but not\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 52 (12.4%) developed\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , compared with 16 of 110 (14.5%) without either baseline diagnosis. Those who developed\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n had more nonmood comorbidity over the follow\u2010up than those who did not develop\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.0001). Of 170 who still had\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n at eight\u2010year follow\u2010up (and not baseline\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), 26 (15.3%) had developed\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , compared with 16 of 186 (8.6%) who had\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n without\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n at baseline but lost the\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n diagnosis (\u03c7\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a03.82,\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .051). There was no statistical difference in whether\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n persisted or not across\u00a0new\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n subtypes (\u03c7\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a01.62,\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .446). Of those who developed\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , speed of onset was not significantly related to baseline\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .566), baseline anxiety (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.121), baseline depression (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .185), baseline disruptive behavior disorder (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .184), age (\n B\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212.11\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .092), maternal mania (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .389), or paternal mania (\n B<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.73,\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n .056). Those who started with both diagnoses had more severe symptoms\/impairment than those with later developed\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and reported having\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n first.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In a cohort selected for symptoms of mania at age 6\u201312, baseline\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n was not a significant prospective risk factor for developing\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . However, persistence of\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n may marginally mediate risk of\n BPSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and early comorbidity of both diagnoses increases severity\/impairment.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T00:39:33Z","timestamp":1568594373000},"page":"175-181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Development of bipolar disorder and other comorbidity among youth with attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"L. Eugene","family":"Arnold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0012-206X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna R.","family":"Van Meter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Research Feinstein Institute for Medical Research The Zucker Hillside Hospital Glen Oaks NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary A.","family":"Fristad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Ohio State University Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Youngstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Psychiatry University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris B.","family":"Birmaher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Findling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Horwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of New Orleans New Orleans LA 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