{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:49:35Z","timestamp":1790952575678,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,12]],"date-time":"2019-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010MH099064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010MH099064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37\u2010MH\u201059105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37\u2010MH\u201059105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n A central nosological problem concerns the etiological relationship of emotional dysregulation with\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Molecular genetic risk scores provide a novel method for informing this question.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Participants were 514 community\u2010recruited children of Northern European descent age 7\u201011 defined as\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n or non\u2010\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n by detailed research evaluation. Parents\u2010rated\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n on standardized ratings and child temperament on the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (\n TMCQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and reported on\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and comorbid disorders by semi\u2010structured clinical interview. Categorical and dimensional variables were created for\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n emotional dysregulation<\/jats:italic>\n (implicating disruption of regulation of both anger\u2010irritability and of positive valence surgency\u2010sensation seeking), and\n irritability<\/jats:italic>\n alone (anger dysregulation). Genome\u2010wide polygenic risk scores (\n PRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were computed for\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and depression genetic liability. Structural equation models and computationally derived emotion profiles guided analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n ADHD PRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n was associated in variable\u2010centered analyses with irritability (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0.179, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.087\u20130.280; \u0394\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.034,\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a0.0002), but also with surgency\/sensation seeking (B\u00a0=\u00a0.146, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.052\u20130.240, \u0394\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n =.022,\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\u00a0.002). In person\u2010centered analysis, the\n ADHD PRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n was elevated in the emotion dysregulation\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n group versus other\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n children (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0=\u00a01.44, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0=\u00a01.03\u20132.20, Nagelkerke \u0394\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.013,\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\u00a0.033) but did not differentiate irritable from surgent\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n profiles. All effects were independent of variation in\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n severity across traits or groups. The depression\n PRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n was related to oppositional defiant disorder but not to\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n emotion dysregulation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Irritability\u2010anger and surgency\u2010sensation seeking, as forms of negative and positively valenced dysregulated affect in\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n populations, both relate principally to\n ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n genetic risk and not mood\u2010related genetic risk.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,12]],"date-time":"2019-10-12T03:18:43Z","timestamp":1570850323000},"page":"205-214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Evaluating chronic emotional dysregulation and irritability in relation to\n ADHD<\/scp>\n and depression genetic risk in children with\n ADHD<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Joel T.","family":"Nigg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Karalunas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna C.","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ryabinin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen V.","family":"Faraone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Physiology SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien A.","family":"Fair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Wilmot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon 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