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Examination for neurocognitive markers preceding pediatric OCD onset has not been conducted, although markers have been identified in adult OCD. This study compared neurocognition across groups of OCD\u2010affected youth (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a087), unaffected siblings of those with early\u2010onset OCD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a067), and healthy controls (HC;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a079).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 233 participants aged 6\u201318\u00a0years old completed standardized neurocognitive tests of cognitive flexibility, decision making, planning, response inhibition, spatial working memory, attention, recognition nonverbal memory, and intelligence. They were administered the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule\u2013Parent version (ADIS\u2010P) and completed self\u2010report anxiety and OCD questionnaires. Linear mixed\u2010effects models tested for differences between groups, adjusting for age, gender, IQ, state anxiety, and ethnicity, and accounting for random effects of family membership.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OCD\u2010affected youth and unaffected siblings performed significantly worse on planning in comparison to HCs (\n                      <jats:italic>Cohen\u2019s d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.74; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0[0.11, 1.36];\n                      <jats:italic>Cohen\u2019s d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.75; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0[0.12, 1.38], respectively; omnibus group effect\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.007). No other significant between\u2010group differences were identified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurocognitive performance differences between groups identified planning as a preexisting trait marker of pediatric OCD, while no other domain presented as a marker of pediatric OCD. This differs from adult OCD, which is associated with broader cognitive impairments. Investigating longitudinal trajectories and predictive significance of neurocognition in those affected by, and at risk for, early\u2010onset OCD is warranted. Ideally, this will enhance individualized risk stratification and inform future prevention and early intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T00:03:08Z","timestamp":1574294588000},"page":"605-613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Neurocognitive risk markers in pediatric obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6970-5530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Negreiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Belschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Franco Yamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yayuk","family":"Joffres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert R.","family":"Selles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fern","family":"Jaspers\u2010Fayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"Provincial OCD Program British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn D.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Counselling Psychology and Special Education University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd S.","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Honer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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