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One major fiber tract implicated in the development of CP is the uncinate fasciculus (UF), which connects amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). The goals of the current study were to (a) explore differences in the white matter microstructure in the UF and other major fiber tracks between\n                      <jats:italic>young<\/jats:italic>\n                      typically developing (TD) children and those with a disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) and (b) explore, within the DBD group, whether individual differences in these white matter tracts relate to co\u2010occurring CP and CU behaviors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants included 198 young children (69% boys,\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20095.66\u2009years; 80% Latinx; 48.5% TD). CU behaviors and CP were measured via a combination of teacher\/parent ratings. Non\u2010invasive diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (DWI) was used to measure fractional anisotropy (FA), an indirect indicator of white matter properties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relative to TD children, children in the DBD group had reduced FA on four out of the five fiber tracks we examined (except for cingulum and right ILF), even after accounting for whole brain FA, sex, movement, parental income, and IQ. Within the DBD group, no associations were found between CP and reduced white matter integrity across any of the fiber tracks examined. However, we found that even after accounting for CP, ADHD symptomology, and a host of covariates (whole brain FA, sex, movement, parental income, and IQ), CU behaviors were independently related to reduced FA in bilateral UF and left inferior fronto\u2010occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in the DBD group, but this was not the case for TD children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alterations in the white matter microstructure within bilateral UF and left IFOF may be biomarkers of CU behaviors, even in very young children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T19:47:16Z","timestamp":1622058436000},"page":"19-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Individual differences in white matter of the uncinate fasciculus and inferior fronto\u2010occipital fasciculus: possible early biomarkers for callous\u2010unemotional behaviors in young children with disruptive behavior problems"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2960-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo A.","family":"Graziano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dea","family":"Garic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony Steven","family":"Dick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University Miami FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00336-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.11.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1994.1037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054714538655"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715000987"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-014-9869-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579417000475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2010.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2009.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2011.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsiml.2019.100006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101836"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/68.3.589"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1987.10478410"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2012.734221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp3503_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2011.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-016-0138-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frick P.J.(2004).The inventory of callous\u2010unemotional traits. 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