{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T06:41:40Z","timestamp":1785566500387,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004828","name":"Grand Challenges Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#0066\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#0066\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/V002643\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/V002643\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B574100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B574100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It has been proposed that children and young people living in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (LMICs) are not only exposed more frequently to trauma but also have a higher likelihood of encountering traumas of greater severity than those living in high\u2010income countries (HICs). This may lead to higher rates of post\u2010traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, developmental pathways to risk or resilience after trauma exposure in LMICs are underresearched.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We examined early parenting and attachment as potentially important formative factors for later stress reactivity in a longitudinal cohort of South African children (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009449). Parenting and attachment were assessed at child age 18\u2009months, and interpersonal trauma exposure, PTSS and parenting stress were measured at 13\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009333; core sample with data on all measures:\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009213). Following a vulnerability\u2010stress approach, separate regression models were run to investigate whether parent\u2013child attachment at 18\u2009months, parental sensitivity and intrusiveness during play at 12\u2009months, and current parenting stress at 13\u2009years, interacted with adolescents' extent of interpersonal trauma exposure to predict their PTSS levels at 13\u2009years.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no predictive effects of either early attachment or current parenting stress in relation to child PTSS. There was some evidence for predictive influences of parental early intrusiveness and sensitivity on adolescent outcomes, though associations were unexpectedly positive for the latter. No interaction effects supporting a vulnerability\u2010stress model were found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, we found limited evidence that elements of the early parent\u2013child environment predict child risk\/resilience to trauma in LMIC children. Future studies should include more frequent assessments of relevant constructs to capture changes over time and consider further what comprises adaptive parenting in high\u2010risk contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T05:05:08Z","timestamp":1702962308000},"page":"921-931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long\u2010term associations between early attachment and parenting and adolescent susceptibility to post\u2010traumatic distress in a South African high\u2010risk sample"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Katharina","family":"Haag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Bath  Bath 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Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5846-3444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Tomlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University  Stellenbosch South Africa"},{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Queens University  Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Parenting stress index (PSI) [measurement instrument]","author":"Abidin R.R.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1127388"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2016.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Child PTSD checklist [measurement instrument]","author":"Amaya\u2010Jackson 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