{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:52:27Z","timestamp":1787169147510,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000664","name":"Health Technology Assessment Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["06\/05\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["06\/05\/01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018680","name":"Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018680","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to the network theory of mental disorders, psychopathology emerges from symptoms that causally influence one another and create interconnections and feedback loops that maintain atypical mental states. Analysis of symptom networks during and following psychotherapy may provide clues to some of the mechanisms through which change occurs. Youth with depression are an important population in which to better understand psychotherapy mechanisms because current evidence\u2010based interventions for this population show only modest effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants were adolescents with major depressive disorder (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009465; ages 11\u201317; 75% female) in a randomized controlled trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy, short\u2010term psychoanalytical psychotherapy, and brief psychosocial intervention (IMPACT, ISRCTN83033550). Eleven self\u2010reported depression symptoms were used to compute two longitudinal networks: (1) treatment phase, using baseline, 6 and 12\u2009weeks data; and (2) follow\u2010up phase, using 36, 52, and 86\u2009weeks data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the treatment phase, all depression symptoms were interconnected. Symptoms of insomnia and fatigue showed the highest outstrength centrality (ability to predict other symptoms over time). In contrast, few symptoms were interconnected during the post\u2010treatment phase except worthlessness, which had the highest outstrength centrality. Allowing network parameters to differ across the three treatment types improved model fit during the treatment phase and revealed that symptoms with the highest outstrength centrality varied by treatment type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individual symptoms may make key contributions to subsequent depressive psychopathology in adolescents. Longitudinal network analysis reveals that insomnia and fatigue predict other symptoms, allowing for consideration of specific mechanisms associated with depression treatment. The findings further suggest that negative cognitions about the self may emerge as a central putative cognitive vulnerability in those with a history of depression. Our exploratory findings also suggest that the three therapies (cognitive behavioral therapy, short\u2010term psychoanalytical psychotherapy, and brief psychosocial intervention) may have achieved equifinality in part through different mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.14175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T01:31:22Z","timestamp":1749519082000},"page":"1675-1687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dynamics of depression symptoms in adolescents during three types of psychotherapy and post\u2010treatment follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4921-5462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madison","family":"Aitken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychology York University  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5470-3770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon A.S.","family":"Neufeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Division of Biostatistics Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"IMPACT Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9183-0373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian M.","family":"Goodyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents","volume":"5","author":"Angold A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9783\/9780812290882"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720001002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17439760.2020.1789696"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-021-00055-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714001809"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060188"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104518807734"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.46331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167490"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"Short\u2010term psychoanalytic psychotherapy for adolescents with depression: A treatment manual","author":"Cregeen S.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13145"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11336-020-09697-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","unstructured":"Epskamp S.(2021).Package \u201cpsychonetrics\u201d. 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