{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T03:30:47Z","timestamp":1786419047393,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005090","name":"Beijing Nova Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20220484061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220484061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005090","name":"Beijing Nova Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20230484444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20230484444"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to compare the effects of atomoxetine (ATX) and methylphenidate (MPH) on emotional dysregulation (ED) in children with attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to explore potential neural correlates underlying treatment\u2010related changes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 152 children with ADHD were randomly assigned to receive ATX (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200976) or MPH (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200976). After individualized dose titration, participants received a stable dose for 4\u2009weeks. Emotional lability (EL) was the primary outcome, while emotion regulation strategies, ADHD symptoms, and overall illness severity were secondary outcomes. Mixed\u2010effects linear models were applied to examine group differences across three time points (baseline, post\u2010titration, and endpoint). Resting\u2010state functional MRI data were acquired at baseline and endpoint and analyzed using whole\u2010brain functional connectivity (FC) analysis with six amygdala subregions as seeds. Trial registration: ChiCTR2200062905; approved on August 23, 2022.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In both ATX and MPH groups, EL scores decreased significantly over time (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22121.54,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001), with treatment effects in a similar range and no statistically significant between\u2010group difference (MPH:\n d<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u22121.46; ATX:\n d<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u22120.93). After controlling for ADHD symptom improvement, treatment effects remained significant (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.75,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.001), suggesting that EL improvement was not solely accounted for by ADHD symptom reduction. Increased FC between the right basolateral amygdala and left orbital middle frontal gyrus (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u22120.46,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.043), and between the left superficial amygdala and left middle cingulate cortex (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u22120.48,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.031), was associated with EL changes and remained significant after controlling for ADHD symptom changes. No significant changes were found in self\u2010reported emotion regulation strategies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n ATX and MPH both alleviate ED in children with ADHD, and these effects are not solely accounted for by improvements in ADHD symptoms. Increased amygdala\u2010centered FC may be associated with medication\u2010related ED improvements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.70217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T03:06:50Z","timestamp":1786417610000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of atomoxetine and methylphenidate on emotional dysregulation in children with attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a multicenter randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital\/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) Beijing China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) Beijing 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