{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:29:06Z","timestamp":1786753746603,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203536"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have difficulties with functioning in daily life, emotions and behaviour. Evidence for FASD\u2010specific parenting interventions is scarce, with few randomised trials of FASD\u2010specific parenting interventions published to date. The\n                      <jats:italic>Salford Parents' and Carers' Education Course for Improvements in FASD outcomes in Children<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SPECIFiC) is a co\u2010designed, seven\u2010session psychoeducation programme co\u2010delivered online. The aim was to evaluate feasibility outcomes of recruitment, retention and acceptability, as well as candidate efficacy outcomes to establish primary outcomes for a definitive trial.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A two\u2010arm randomised feasibility trial compared SPECIFiC with treatment as usual (TAU). Parents or carers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009119) of children (4\u201316\u2009y) with a confirmed or probable FASD diagnosis were randomised 1:1 to intervention or TAU. Outcomes included parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index\u2013Short Form, PSI\u20104\u2010SF), parenting self\u2010efficacy (Tool to Measure Parenting Self\u2010Efficacy, TOPSE), child behavioural difficulties (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ) and parent mental health (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS\u201021; Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation, CORE\u2010OM). Health economic analysis used the Client Service Receipt Inventory (CSRI) and quality of life using EuroQol (EQ\u20105D\u20105L). Analyses followed an intention\u2010to\u2010treat principle. The trial is registered at\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.isrctn.com\">www.isrctn.com<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      (ISRCTN14483801).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Recruitment (41%) and retention (85%) met prespecified feasibility thresholds, and satisfaction was high. Parenting stress did not differ significantly between groups (adjusted mean difference \u2212 3.89, 95% CI \u221211.1 to 3.32). No clear between\u2010group differences were observed for child behaviour, parental mental health or quality of life outcomes. Parenting self\u2010efficacy improved in the intervention group relative to treatment as usual (adjusted mean difference 24.9, 95% CI 5.43\u201344.4; Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.80). The cost per participant ranged from \u00a3227\u2013\u00a3302. Fidelity checks confirmed consistent delivery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SPECIFiC demonstrated feasibility and acceptability and showed a promising signal for improving parental self\u2010efficacy. A definitive trial is warranted to determine clinical and cost\u2010effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.70218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:18:56Z","timestamp":1786753136000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parenting course for caregivers of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (\n                    <scp>FASD<\/scp>\n                    ) versus waitlist: a\u00a0randomised controlled large\u2010scale feasibility study of the\n                    <scp>SPECIFiC<\/scp>\n                    (Salford parents and carers' education course for improvements in\n                    <scp>FASD<\/scp>\n                    outcomes in children) programme"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6435-8050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Penny A.","family":"Cook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Community and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan D.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Community and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Perryman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Community and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Earl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Community and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Community and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Gage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surrey Health Economics Centre University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics University of Surrey  Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare S.","family":"Allely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Community and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health in Social Science University of Edinburgh  Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2171-928X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raja A. 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