{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:02:10Z","timestamp":1790038930285,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82120108002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82120108002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A20335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20335"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep disturbances are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet the relationship between objective sleep characteristics and ASD severity remains unclear. We examined polysomnography\u2010derived and caregiver\u2010reported sleep characteristics in children with ASD and typically developing children (TDC), with additional analyses across ASD severity subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 111 children aged 3\u201313\u2009years: 81 with ASD and 30 TDC. Participants underwent home PSG, and second\u2010night PSG data were used for the primary analyses. Caregiver\u2010reported sleep behaviors were assessed with the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Children with ASD were classified by Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores into mild (M\u2010ASD,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200936) or moderate\u2010to\u2010severe (MS\u2010ASD,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200945) subgroups. Group comparisons used age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted analysis of covariance with correction for multiple comparisons. Exploratory logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were conducted in the ASD group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with TDC, children with ASD showed poorer sleep continuity, including lower sleep efficiency and longer sleep latency, with greater wake after sleep onset in the primary model. Sleep\u2010architecture differences were not significant after correction. Across severity subgroups, sleep\u2010continuity difficulties were present in both ASD subgroups, whereas increased wake after sleep onset and greater caregiver\u2010reported bedtime difficulties were most evident in MS\u2010ASD. Bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, and sleep anxiety differed across severity subgroups. Exploratory ASD\u2010only analyses suggested that selected PSG and caregiver\u2010reported variables may provide complementary information for characterizing differences between M\u2010ASD and MS\u2010ASD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with ASD showed poorer sleep continuity than TDC, and children with MS\u2010ASD had more pronounced caregiver\u2010reported bedtime difficulties. Objective and caregiver\u2010reported sleep measures may provide complementary information for characterizing sleep phenotypes across ASD severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.70243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:15:21Z","timestamp":1790036121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Objective and subjective sleep characteristics across severity subgroups in children with autism spectrum disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3888-0643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Jiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, National Center for Mental Disorders, Sleep Research Laboratory, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu 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