{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T12:49:07Z","timestamp":1768740547593,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30540036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30540036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30771026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30771026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["7082079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7082079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Key Program of Clinical Science"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zinc\u2010\u03b12\u2010glycoprotein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ZAG<\/jats:styled-content>) is associated with the loss of adipose tissue in cancer cachexia, and has recently been proposed to be a candidate factor in the regulation of bodyweight. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ZAG<\/jats:styled-content> on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3\u2010L1 preadipocytes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>3\u2010(4,5\u2010Dimethylthiazol\u20102\u2010yl) 2,5\u2010diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MTT<\/jats:styled-content>) spectrophotometry, Oil Red O staining, intracellular triglyceride assays, real\u2010time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and transient transfection methods were used to explore the action of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ZAG<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ectopic ZAG expression significantly stimulates 3T3\u2010L1 cells proliferation in a dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent manner. The maximum influence of ZAG on proliferation was 1.43\u2010fold higher than what was observed in control cells. This effect was observed 144\u00a0h after transfection with 0.16\u00a0\u03bcg of murine ZAG (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mZAG<\/jats:styled-content>) plasmid (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The intracellular lipids content in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mZAG<\/jats:styled-content> over\u2010expressing cells were decreased as much as 37% when compared with the control cells after differentiation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The messenger ribonucleic acid levels of peroxisome proliferators\u2010activated receptor\u2010\u03b3 (PPAR\u03b3), CCAAT enhancer\u2010binding protein\u2010\u03b1 (C\/EBP\u03b1) and the critical lipogenic gene, fatty acid synthase (FAS), are also downregulated by up to 50% in fully differentiated ZAG\u2010treated adipocytes. ZAG suppresses FAS messenger ribonucleic acid expression by reducing FAS promoter activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zinc\u2010\u03b12\u2010glycoprotein stimulates the proliferation and inhibits the differentiation of 3T3\u2010L1 murine preadipocytes. The inhibitory action of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ZAG<\/jats:styled-content> on cell differentiation might be a result of the attenuation of the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPAR<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b3, C\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1 and the lipogenic\u2010specific enzyme <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAS<\/jats:styled-content> by reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FAS<\/jats:styled-content> promoter activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T08:08:39Z","timestamp":1361952519000},"page":"252-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis by zinc\u2010\u03b12\u2010glycoprotein treatment in 3T3\u2010L1 cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Hui\u2010Juan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Hua","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie\u2010Ying","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin\u2010Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nai\u2010Shi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng\u2010Ying","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22598"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2010.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2009.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"[Construction of 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