{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:04:59Z","timestamp":1787317499576,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,30]],"date-time":"2015-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002767","name":"Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13JJ6014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13JJ6014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      Aims\n                      <jats:bold>\/<\/jats:bold>\n                      Introduction\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Heart rate recovery (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) after exercise is considered to be a new index of autonomic dysfunction associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and the effects of exercise on the abnormal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in type 2 diabetes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 123 type 2 diabetes patients were recruited, and the oral glucose tolerance test and exercise test were carried out to analyze the risk factors associated with abnormal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Among these patients, 42 patients with abnormal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were further randomized to either the conventional therapy group (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 20) or the intensive therapy group (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 22). The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group patients underwent metformin and diet control, whereas the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group additionally underwent a combined moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training three times per week for 12 weeks. The results of blood sample analysis and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were recorded before and after the training.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Abnormal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was related to fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, and resting and maximum heart rates (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05 for both). After training, the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group had significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and resting heart rate than the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01 or\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.005). Significant improvement in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and metabolic equivalents was observed in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group compared with the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These data suggested that combined aerobic and resistance training improved cardiac autonomic dysfunction as measured by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in type 2 diabetes patients. This might be due to better improvement of glycemic control, resting heart rate and physical fitness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]],"date-time":"2015-10-19T09:02:42Z","timestamp":1445245362000},"page":"615-621","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Rehabilitation Center Department of Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sui\u2010xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Rehabilitation Center Department of Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan 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