{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:26:50Z","timestamp":1747186010963,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]],"date-time":"2019-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared the results of testing for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) using a radioimmunoassay (RIA) and an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in individuals with childhood\u2010onset type\u00a01 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum specimens were collected from 1,024 Japanese children (426 boys and 598 girls) in 2013. The median age at diagnosis was 7\u00a0years (0\u201318\u00a0years). The blood specimens were obtained at a median age of 13\u00a0years (2\u201322\u00a0years).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 628 children whose serum specimens were collected within 5\u00a0years after diagnosis, the rate of GADAb positivity was 47.9% using RIA and 69.4% using ELISA. The participants were divided into four groups according to their RIA and ELISA results for GADAb as follows: group\u00a0I (RIA+\/ELISA+), group\u00a0II (RIA+\/ELISA\u2212), group\u00a0III (RIA\u2212\/ELISA+) and group\u00a0IV (RIA\u2212\/ELISA\u2212). The clinical and genetic characteristics of group\u00a0I and group\u00a0III were quite similar in terms of age at diagnosis, male\/female ratio, relatively high positive rates for both autoantibody to protein tyrosine phosphatase IA\u20102 and autoantibody to the cation efflux transporter zinc transporter\u00a08, and human leukocyte antigen genotype. Group\u00a0II contained just five patients, and was characterized by a younger age at diagnosis, low positive rates for both autoantibody to protein tyrosine phosphatase IA\u20102 and autoantibody to the cation efflux transporter zinc transporter\u00a08, and a unique human leukocyte antigen genotype. If the positive rates of either autoantibody to protein tyrosine phosphatase IA\u20102 or autoantibody to the cation efflux transporter zinc transporter\u00a08 or both were added to the GADAb results using RIA, the percentage of autoimmune type\u00a01 diabetes increased from 47.9% to 78.5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnosis of autoimmune childhood\u2010onset Japanese type\u00a01 diabetes increased when GADAb results were obtained using a new ELISA method, compared with a previously utilized RIA method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T18:14:06Z","timestamp":1574446446000},"page":"594-602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Increased diagnosis of autoimmune childhood\u2010onset Japanese type\u00a01 diabetes using a new glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay kit, compared with a previously used glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody radioimmunoassay kit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7776-2482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigetaka","family":"Sugihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Tokyo Women\u2019s Medical University Medical Center East Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults Kagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tokuo","family":"Mukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Asahikawa\u2010Kosei General Hospital Asahikawa 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