{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T20:36:00Z","timestamp":1770064560690,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myopathy is a common complication of any diabetes type, consisting in failure to preserve mass and muscular function. Oxidative stress has been considered one of the main causes for this condition. This study aimed to search if Nicorandil, a K<jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub> channel opener, could protect slow\u2010 and fast\u2010twitch diabetic rat muscles from oxidative stress, and to unveil its possible mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by applying intraperitoneally streptozotocin (STZ) at 100\u00a0mg\/kg doses. Nicorandil (3\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) was administered along 4\u00a0weeks. An insulin tolerance test and assessment of fasting blood glucose (FBG), TBARS, reduced (GSH), and disulfide (GSSG) glutathione levels, GSH\/GSSG ratio, and mRNA expression of glutathione metabolism\u2010related genes were performed at end of treatment in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nicorandil significantly reduced FBG levels and enhanced insulin tolerance in diabetic rats. In gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, Nicorandil attenuated the oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation (TBARS), increasing total glutathione and modulating GPX1\u2010mRNA expression in both muscle\u2019s types. Nicorandil also increased GSH and GSH\/GSSG ratio and downregulated the GCLC\u2010 and GSR\u2010mRNA in gastrocnemius, without significative effect on those enzymes\u2019 mRNA expression in diabetic soleus muscle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In diabetic rats, Nicorandil attenuates oxidative stress in slow\u2010 and fast\u2010twitch skeletal muscles by improving the glutathione system functioning. The underlying mechanisms for the modulation of glutathione redox state and the transcriptional expression of glutathione metabolism\u2010related genes seem to be fiber type\u2010dependent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T17:53:43Z","timestamp":1611770023000},"page":"1152-1161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Nicorandil decreases oxidative stress in slow\u2010 and fast\u2010twitch muscle fibers of diabetic rats by improving the glutathione system functioning"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sarai","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Qu\u00edmico\u2010Biol\u00f3gicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo Morelia Michoac\u00e1n 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