{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:52:05Z","timestamp":1792021925066,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]],"date-time":"2024-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001645","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin resistance syndrome and lipoatrophic diabetes are rare conditions characterized by the development of treatment\u2010refractory diabetes with severe insulin resistance. We recently conducted a 24 week, multicenter, single\u2010arm trial (EMPIRE\u201001) that demonstrated a certain level of effectiveness and safety of empagliflozin for these conditions. To evaluate treatment safety over a longer period, we have now performed an additional 28 week trial (EMPIRE\u201002) that followed on from EMPIRE\u201001.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary and secondary outcomes were safety and efficacy evaluations, respectively. All eight subjects of the EMPIRE\u201001 trial participated in EMPIRE\u201002.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty adverse events (AEs) were recorded among five individuals during the combined 52 week treatment period of both trials. Whereas one case of chronic hepatitis B was moderate in severity, all other AEs were mild. There were thus no serious AEs or events necessitating discontinuation or suspension of treatment or a reduction in drug dose. Whereas ketoacidosis or marked increases in serum ketone body levels were not observed, the mean body mass of the subjects was decreased slightly after completion of EMPIRE\u201002. The improvement in mean values of glycemic parameters observed in EMPIRE\u201001 was not sustained in EMPIRE\u201002, mostly because of one individual whose parameters deteriorated markedly, likely as a result of nonadherence to diet therapy. The improvement in glycemic parameters was sustained during EMPIRE\u201002 after exclusion of this subject from analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Empagliflozin demonstrated a certain level of safety and efficacy for the treatment of insulin resistance syndrome and lipoatrophic diabetes over 52\u2009weeks, confirming its potential as a therapeutic option.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]],"date-time":"2024-05-04T08:13:16Z","timestamp":1714810396000},"page":"1211-1219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A multicenter, open\u2010label, single\u2010arm trial of the long\u2010term safety of empagliflozin treatment for refractory diabetes mellitus with insulin resistance 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