{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:27:04Z","timestamp":1790695624597,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Efficacy of long\u2010term low\u2010carbohydrate diets (LCD) to improve glycemic management for type\u20092 diabetes remains controversial. Thus, we investigated the association between long\u2010term LCD and glycemic control in individuals with type\u20092 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Database for articles published up to June 2023, and included randomized controlled trials conducted on LCD interventions for &gt;12\u2009months in adults with type\u20092 diabetes. Primary outcome was the difference in glycated hemoglobin between long\u2010term LCD and control groups. Additionally, we evaluated the differences in changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and weight between long\u2010term LCD and control groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six studies were identified and met the inclusion criteria. This study did not show significant differences in changes in glycated hemoglobin between long\u2010term LCD and control diets (standardized mean difference \u22120.11, 95% confidence interval \u22120.33 to 0.11, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.32). As with glycemic control, there were no significant differences in the changes in weight loss, blood pressure, and low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol between long\u2010term LCD and control diets. However, long\u2010term LCD were associated with greater elevation in high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (standardized mean difference 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.04\u20130.41; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) and decrease in triglyceride (standardized mean difference \u22120.19; 95% confidence interval \u22120.37 to 0.02; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) than that in control diets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest efficacy of long\u2010term LCD in treating dyslipidemia in individuals with type\u20092 diabetes, but do not recommend long\u2010term LCD for glycemic control in the individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T13:58:52Z","timestamp":1721829532000},"page":"1410-1421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Efficacy of long\u2010term low carbohydrate diets for patients with type\u20092 diabetes: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2545-5410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School 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