{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T14:34:35Z","timestamp":1776954875694,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003427","name":"Gout Research Foundation of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003427","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor treatment, which reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, has been reported to improve glycemic control. The possible protective effects of XOR inhibitor treatment on insulin secretory capacity were investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cross\u2010sectional study included 428 patients with type 2 diabetes. Insulin secretory capacity was assessed based on fasting serum C\u2010peptide concentration (CPR) and C\u2010peptide index (CPI) in all subjects, while insulin resistance in non\u2010insulin users (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009312) was determined using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA\u2010IR) index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median values for CPR and CPI in all subjects were 2.4\u2009ng\/mL and 1.5, respectively, while that for HOMA\u2010IR in non\u2010insulin users was 3.2. The XOR inhibitor users (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200972) had significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) higher CPR and CPI levels than non\u2010users (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009356). Multivariable regression analyses showed XOR inhibitor use was positively associated with CPR (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.153, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and CPI (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.144, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Similar results were observed in propensity score analyses. In subgroup analyses of patients with a preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate (\u226560\u2009mL\/min\/1.73\u2009m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and non\u2010insulin users, these associations remained significant. Furthermore, the associations were significant in patients with lower (\u22646.0\u2009mg\/dL) but not with higher (&gt;6.0\u2009mg\/dL) uric acid levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for interaction &lt;0.05). On the other hand, XOR inhibitor use showed no significant association with HOMA\u2010IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of XOR inhibitor treatment, especially a sufficient reduction in serum uric acid level, may provide protective effects on insulin secretory capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T15:25:56Z","timestamp":1722353156000},"page":"1500-1509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor use with insulin secretory capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine Osaka City 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