{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T03:08:20Z","timestamp":1790564900926,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010438","name":"Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Placental glucose transport is regulated by glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs). The study aimed to examine placental expression of GLUT\u20101, GLUT\u20103, and GLUT\u20104 mRNA in patients with type 1 diabetes, early gestational diabetes (eGDM), and healthy controls, and to investigate correlations between GLUTs expression and clinical parameters. Additionally, we compared placental transcriptome profiles in recruited subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 59 pregnant women: 23 with type 1 diabetes, 17 with eGDM, and 19 controls. Patients with diabetes attended follow\u2010up visits at each trimester. Transcriptome studies were performed in 4 patients per subgroup.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age was similar across all subgroups. eGDM patients had significantly higher BMI and were predominantly obese. We observed a significant 2\u2010fold (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) decrease in placental GLUT\u20103 mRNA expression in the type 1 diabetes and eGDM groups. GLUT\u20104 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the eGDM group compared to type 1 diabetes (3\u2010fold) and controls (6\u2010fold) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007). There was a significant negative correlation between GLUT\u20103 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.29) and GLUT\u20104 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.27) mRNA expression and neonatal birth weight. GLUT\u20104 expression was negatively correlated with 1st trimester HbA1c (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.72) and OGTT 120\u2032 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.82) results in eGDM patients, and 3rd trimester glycemic variability (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.49) in type 1 diabetes. Microarray analysis revealed significant transcriptomic changes, with 45 down\u2010regulated and 365 up\u2010regulated genes in type 1 diabetes, and 21 significant changes in eGDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Placental samples from patients with diabetes exhibit changes in GLUTs expression, which correlates with neonatal growth and several glycemic parameters. Additionally, multiple changes in transcriptomic profiles are observed in hyperglycemic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T17:39:21Z","timestamp":1733765961000},"page":"543-554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Placental expression of <scp>GLUT<\/scp>\u20101, <scp>GLUT<\/scp>\u20103, and <scp>GLUT<\/scp>\u20104 <scp>mRNA<\/scp> and transcriptome profiling in pregnant women with diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8346-0085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafal","family":"Sibiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproduction Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"},{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"},{"name":"Doctoral School 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