{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T11:13:23Z","timestamp":1793445203884,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To elucidate risk factors associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in early\u2010gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A dataset of 385 early\u2010GDM cases from a prospective cohort was analyzed. Early\u2010GDM was diagnosed if one or more of the following criteria were met: fasting plasma glucose (PG) levels of 92\u2013125\u2009mg\/dL, 1\u2010h PG levels \u2265180\u2009mg\/dL, and 2\u2010h PG levels \u2265153\u2009mg\/dL during a 75\u2010g oral glucose tolerance test before 20\u2009weeks of gestation. Multivariate analysis was used to examine associations between candidate risk factors and a composite outcome of maternal and neonatal adverse events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010pregnancy overweight\/obesity (pre\u2010pregnancy body mass index [BMI] \u226525.0\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) was significantly associated with a higher risk of the composite outcome compared with normal weight (pre\u2010pregnancy BMI of 18.5\u201324.9\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), an adjusted risk ratio (aRR) of 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08\u20131.93), and an adjusted risk difference (aRD) of 13.6% (95% CI: 2.6\u201324.6%). Compared with fasting PG levels below 92\u2009mg\/dL, levels between 95 and 125\u2009mg\/dL were associated with a significantly higher risk of the composite outcome, with an aRR and aRD of 1.42 (95% CI: 1.01\u20131.99) and 12.9% (95% CI: 0.3\u201325.5%), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early\u2010GDM, combined with pre\u2010pregnancy overweight\/obesity and\/or fasting PG levels of 95\u2013125\u2009mg\/dL, is associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and should be prioritized for intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T05:44:11Z","timestamp":1737783851000},"page":"744-754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of maternal overweight\/obesity and high fasting plasma glucose on adverse perinatal outcomes in early 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