{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:33:46Z","timestamp":1787499226517,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common chronic complication of diabetes, marked by symptoms like hyperalgesia, numbness, and swelling that impair quality of life. Nerve conduction abnormalities in DPN significantly increase the risk of neuropathic foot ulcers (NFU), which can progress rapidly and lead to severe outcomes, including infection, gangrene, and amputation. Early prediction of NFU in DPN patients is crucial for timely intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical data from 400 DPN patients treated at the China\u2013Japan Friendship Hospital (September 2022\u20132024) were retrospectively analyzed. Data included medical histories, physical exams, biochemical tests, and imaging. After feature selection and data balancing, the dataset was split into training and validation subsets (8:2 ratio). Six machine learning algorithms\u2014random forest, decision tree, logistic regression, K\u2010nearest neighbor, extreme gradient boosting, and multilayer perceptron\u2014were evaluated using k\u2010fold cross\u2010validation. Model performance was assessed via accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC. The SHAP method was employed for interpretability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The multilayer perceptron model showed the best performance (accuracy: 0.875; AUC: 0.901). SHAP analysis highlighted triglycerides, high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes duration, age, and fasting blood glucose as key predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A machine learning\u2010based prediction model using a multilayer perceptron algorithm effectively identifies DPN patients at high NFU risk, offering clinicians an accurate tool for early intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T08:54:31Z","timestamp":1742720071000},"page":"1055-1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Machine learning\u2010based risk prediction model for neuropathic foot ulcers in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7247-254X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ge","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China\u2013Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenxuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China\u2013Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanyu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of 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