{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:52:02Z","timestamp":1789498322072,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While the bidirectional relationship between depression and diabetes is well recognized, the outcome of studies evaluating the potential for sex disparity, especially in low\u2010to\u2010middle\u2010income (LMIC) South Asian countries, is unexplored. We evaluated sex differences in the relationship between depressive symptoms and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1,485 unselected individuals with, and 228 without, type 2 diabetes completed the PHQ\u20109 (depression screening questionnaire), and sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained. The PHQ\u20109 scores were categorized as mild (5\u201310), moderate (10\u201315), moderately severe (15\u201320), and severe (\u226520) depressive symptoms, with scores \u226510 indicating clinically relevant symptoms. Descriptive statistics and ordinal and binary logistic regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In individuals with type 2 diabetes, mean HbA1c was 9.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1%, with no difference between sexes (9.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1% vs 9.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.39). The overall mean PHQ\u20109 score was 8.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2, with females exhibiting higher scores (9.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2 vs 7.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Depressive symptoms correlated with older age, lower education level, longer diabetes duration (&gt;5\u2009years: OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1\u20132.3), suboptimal (HbA1c 7\u20139%: OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1\u20133.2), and poorer glycemic control (HbA1c \u22659%: OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1\u20132.9). Suboptimal (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1\u20134.3) or poor (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3\u20134.9) glycemic control and diabetes duration of 1\u20135\u2009years (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2\u20133.0) and &gt;5\u2009years (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5\u20133.9) were associated with an increased likelihood of mild\u2010to\u2010severe depressive symptoms in females, but not in males.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association of depressive symptoms and poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes in South Asians is stronger in females.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T10:09:56Z","timestamp":1754474996000},"page":"1950-1959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The relationship between depressive symptoms and glycemic control is stronger in women with type 2 diabetes in South Asians: Results from a cross\u2010sectional multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5138-2182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md","family":"Kamruzzaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology Islamic University  Kushtia Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6084-8391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Marathe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Central Adelaide Local Health Network  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Lifelong Health Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-5816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4741-553X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Borg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0942-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1640-5611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott R.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8086-2449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chinmay S.","family":"Marathe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"The association between diabetes mellitus and depression","volume":"9","author":"B\u0103descu SV","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(12)70004-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1341"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"PetrakF R\u00f6hrigB IsmailK.Depression and Diabetes [Updated 2018 Jan 14]. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth MA: MDText com Inc. 2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4367-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"The association among glycemic control and depression symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Hasanovic E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2001.00499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2000.00260.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001430"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"HussainZ.The Numbers Behind Bangladesh's Goal of Middle Income Status by 2021. 2023. World Bank 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry","author":"WHO","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274605","article-title":"Association of poorly controlled HbA1c with increased risk of progression to end\u2010stage kidney disease and all\u2010cause mortality in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease","volume":"17","author":"Chen SJ","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"544","article-title":"Bengali adaptation of brief patient health questionnaire for screening depression at primary care","volume":"102","author":"Chowdhury AN","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-00938-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Depression, coping strategies, glycemic control and patient compliance in type 2 diabetic patients in an endocrine outpatient clinic","volume":"31","author":"Parildar H","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.7.934"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1238"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4565"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2241-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8229.114766"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04911-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-0361.2010.00291.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2676303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02475-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanhl.2024.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","article-title":"Mental health challenges in Bangladesh and the way forwards","volume":"80","author":"Hasan MK","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-123"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-018-0218-y"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jdi.70134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T13:30:27Z","timestamp":1763559027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jdi.70134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jdi.70134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdi.70134","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-1116","2040-1124"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-1116","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-1124","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}