{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:54:59Z","timestamp":1792533299379,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims\/Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Middle\u2010aged and elderly individuals in Asia with type 2 diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of developing sarcopenia. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to estimate sarcopenia prevalence and identify key risk factors among middle\u2010aged and elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus persons in Asia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We searched\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PubMed<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CINAHL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      up to August 2025. Observational studies on persons aged \u226545 with type 2 diabetes mellitus reporting sarcopenia prevalence and risk factors were included. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale, and random\u2010effects models calculated pooled estimates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 43 studies with sarcopenia prevalence in type 2 diabetes mellitus ranging from 4.0% to 50.0% were included. The pooled prevalence among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 17 (14\u201321%), 13 (8\u201318%), and 17% (14\u201321%) for overall, middle\u2010aged, and elderly individuals, respectively, with no significant difference between the middle\u2010aged and elderly individuals. Sarcopenia was higher in Southeast Asia (28%). Key risk factors included advanced age (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.12), elevated\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        HbA\n                        <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.11), diabetes\u2010related complications (nephropathy\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.76 and neuropathy\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20093.28), and a higher body fat percentage in men (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.26) and women (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.27). In contrast, protective factors included a higher\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.66), a better Mini Nutritional Assessment score (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.37), and the use of metformin (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.26).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia is common in middle\u2010aged and older Asian adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Interventions targeting glycemic control, complications, body composition, nutrition, and metformin may help reduce risk. This study highlights the importance of early sarcopenia screening and prevention, especially in middle\u2010aged individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are needed to establish causal relationships for prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T14:14:16Z","timestamp":1761833656000},"page":"83-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in Asian adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5043-059X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueh\u2010Chu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Diabetes Education Center Chung Shan Medical University Hospital  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"PhD Program in Healthcare Science, College of Healthcare China Medical University  Taichung 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