{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T07:57:13Z","timestamp":1785571033679,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82504810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82504810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with diabetes are at an increased risk of heart failure. The triglyceride\u2010glucose index increases the risk of diabetes\u2010related heart failure (dHF). We aimed to validate a practical clinical risk score for dHF in a large diabetic cohort and assess whether this score can identify dHF patients with an elevated triglyceride\u2010glucose (TyG) index who have poor outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants were drawn from multiple NHANES cycles (1999\u20132018). A simplified TRS\u2010HF\n                      <jats:sub>DM<\/jats:sub>\n                      score (0\u20136 points) and TyG\u2010related parameters were calculated in 3,455 participants with dHF. Candidate variables were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, Kaplan\u2013Meier curves, and restricted cubic splines (RCS); independent predictors with statistical significance were included. Sensitivity analyses tested robustness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis revealed that higher levels of TRS\u2010HF\n                      <jats:sub>DM<\/jats:sub>\n                      were significantly associated with poor dHF participants survival. Multivariate\u2010adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed that high quartile levels of TyG\u2010related indices were significantly associated with mortality in participants with dHF [TyG\u2010Age: HR\u2009=\u20096.94, 95% CI: 4.34\u201311.08,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; TyG\u2010eGFR: HR\u2009=\u20093.78, 95% CI: 2.66\u20135.37,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001]. The participants in the highest quartile of TyG\u2010Age had a six\u2010fold increased risk of mortality compared to those in the lowest quartile (95% CI: 3.93\u201310.24). Nonlinear trends were observed between TyG\u2010Age indices and mortality of dHF participants (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for overall\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      for nonlinear\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The sensitivity analyses supported the positive correlations between TyG\u2010related indices and mortality of the TRS\u2010HF\n                      <jats:sub>DM<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010determined dHF population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TyG\u2010related indices, especially TyG\u2010Age, have strong prognostic value for mortality in adults with dHF. TyG\u2010Age and TRS\u2010HF\n                      <jats:sub>DM<\/jats:sub>\n                      may serve as surrogate biomarkers for clinical management of dHF.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T04:41:12Z","timestamp":1778906472000},"page":"1387-1399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of triglyceride\u2010glucose composite indices associated mortality risk in diabetes\u2010related heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qijie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy West China Hospital of Sichuan University  Chengdu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu  Chengdu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing First People's Hospital in Shuangliu District\/West China Airport Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University  Chengdu People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education  Chengdu People's Republic of 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