{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:54:30Z","timestamp":1791550470373,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82560086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82560086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Diabetes Invest"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic multimorbidity (CLMM), defined as the co\u2010occurrence of at least two of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease, is an increasing health burden. We evaluated the cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein, and glucose (CHG) index and its obesity\u2010 and inflammation\u2010derived variants for predicting incident CLMM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort included 6,534 adults aged \u226545\u2009years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. CHG, eight obesity\u2010derived indices, and CHG\u2010CRP were assessed, with the triglyceride\u2010glucose index and TG\/HDL\u2010C ratio as comparators. Associations with incident CLMM were evaluated using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and threshold analysis. Predictive performance was compared using receiver operating characteristic analysis, the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and the net reclassification improvement (NRI), with additional joint\u2010effect, interaction, subgroup, and sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the 2015 follow\u2010up, 406 participants (6.2%) met the criteria for CLMM. Higher CHG was linearly associated with incident CLMM (highest vs lowest quartile: OR 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22\u20132.22). Obesity\u2010derived variants showed stronger associations, particularly CHG\u2010BMI (OR 3.13, 95% CI 2.21\u20134.43), which also had the highest discrimination (AUC 0.643, 95% CI 0.616\u20130.669) and continuous NRI (34.08%). Participants with both high CHG and high BMI had the greatest CLMM risk (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.94\u20133.51). Results were robust in sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CHG index and its obesity\u2010derived variants, particularly CHG\u2010BMI, are accessible and inexpensive candidate metabolic markers for predicting new\u2010onset CLMM. CHG\u2010BMI showed the highest apparent discrimination among the evaluated indices, although its AUC was modest. External population validation is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:31:23Z","timestamp":1791549083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein, and glucose index and its derivatives related to obesity and inflammation as novel metabolic markers for predicting new\u2010onset cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic multimorbidity: A\u00a0prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Zhonghua","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School of Nanjing University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4846-8791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aikeliyaer","family":"Ainiwaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM) Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yameng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3116-3246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ge","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9110-2429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinliang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhui","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1178-4854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaisaierjiang","family":"Kadier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00685-8","article-title":"Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022\u20132050: A forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"403","author":"GBD 2021 Forecasting Collaborators","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.015","article-title":"Global, regional, and National Burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20102023","volume":"86","author":"Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks 2023 Collaborators","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2025.01.001","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease and the cardiovascular system","volume":"35","author":"Manolis AA","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-025-01220-4","article-title":"The global cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic syndemic: Epidemiology, trends and challenges","volume":"23","author":"Chew NWS","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.070535","article-title":"Cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic health: Recommendations in screening, diagnosis, and Management of Metabolic Dysfunction\u2010Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in cardiovascular disease via modified Delphi approach","volume":"151","author":"Chew NWS","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12525","article-title":"Therapeutic management of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"12","author":"Zeng J","year":"2024","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03201-4","article-title":"Associations of nine insulin resistance\u2010related indices with the incidence and progression of cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic multimorbidity: A large prospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Sun C","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-03022-x","article-title":"Interplay between frailty and cardiometabolic disorders: From pathophysiology to clinical implications","volume":"25","author":"Santulli G","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03177-1","article-title":"Cardiovascular\u2010kidney\u2010metabolic syndrome: A comprehensive review of pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"25","author":"Jankauskas SS","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03225-w","article-title":"Associations of the atherogenic index of plasma and its modified indices with the incidence and progression of cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic multimorbidity: A prospective cohort study from UK biobank","volume":"25","author":"He Q","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14343","article-title":"A novel index for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and glucose (CHG) index","volume":"16","author":"Mansoori A","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03171-7","article-title":"The prognostic significance of cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein and glucose (CHG) index in evaluating all\u2010cause mortality risk in metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) individuals: Evidence from two cohort studies","volume":"25","author":"Wang J","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03104-4","article-title":"The cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein, and glucose (CHG) index as a novel metabolic marker for predicting adverse outcomes in myocardial infarction survivors: Insights from two large prospective cohorts","volume":"25","author":"Song Y","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03137-9","article-title":"Associations of cumulative exposure and dynamic trajectories of cholesterol\u2010HDL\u2010glucose (CHG) index with cardiovascular disease in middle\u2010aged and older Chinese adults: A longitudinal analysis","volume":"25","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03271-4","article-title":"Cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic multimorbidity: Preliminary insights into the associations with the triglyceride glucose index (TyG), its obesity\u2010derived indices and their effects on long\u2010term survival","volume":"25","author":"He S","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203","article-title":"Cohort profile: The China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)","volume":"43","author":"Zhao Y","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"Elm E","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03119-x","article-title":"Association of the C\u2010reactive protein\u2010triglyceride\u2010glucose index with metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease and long\u2010term all\u2010cause and cardiovascular mortality: Evidence from two nationwide prospective cohort studies","volume":"25","author":"Jin XF","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02716-6","article-title":"Associations between cardiometabolic indices and the onset of metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease as well as its progression to liver fibrosis: A cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Song Z","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03235-8","article-title":"Associations of cumulative exposure and dynamic trajectories of the combined atherogenic and frailty index with incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A longitudinal analysis based on the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)","volume":"25","author":"Feng X","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-025-02028-5","article-title":"Association between changes in estimated glucose disposal rate and composite kidney outcome in middle\u2010aged and elderly individuals: A national cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Zhou W","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2026.1757164","article-title":"Evaluation of the CHG index for identifying metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: Evidence from two independent Asian non\u2010obese populations","volume":"13","author":"Chen J","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2026.2661571","article-title":"Nonlinear relationship between the CHG index and MASLD in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Mediating role of immunoinflammatory markers","volume":"138","author":"Pan B","year":"2026","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-026-02192-2","article-title":"Association of the CHG index with the onset, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular\u2010kidney\u2010metabolic syndrome: Findings from two large prospective cohorts","volume":"18","author":"Zhao Z","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27453","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-57748-z","article-title":"Associations of the CHG index combined with obesity indicators with cardiovascular disease in early CKM syndrome using CHARLS data","volume":"16","author":"Lv L","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16335","article-title":"Discordance between serum cholesterol concentration and atherogenic lipoprotein particle number in people with metabolic disease: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Witt C","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15060710","article-title":"The pathophysiological interrelationship between metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated Steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular disease","volume":"15","author":"G\u00e1l AR","year":"2026","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-026-01425-z","article-title":"Metabolic pathways linking atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated Steatotic liver disease","volume":"28","author":"Richard KSE","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2025.09.017","article-title":"HDL\u2010C: Helpful, harmful, hopeful, or guilty by association","volume":"19","author":"McLean P","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2026.101672","article-title":"High\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol: Function, dysfunction, and clinical implications","volume":"28","author":"Trabanino S","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262311715","article-title":"Hidden industrial trans\u2010fatty acids: Mechanistic insights into dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated Steatotic liver disease","volume":"26","author":"Hegazy MA","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-025-10562-7","article-title":"Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Mechanistic insights on molecular pathways and emerging therapeutic approaches","volume":"30","author":"Kaur R","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom16040613","article-title":"Emerging insights into the liver\u2010pancreas Axis: A central hub in the pathogenesis of diabetes and metabolic diseases","volume":"16","author":"Dai H","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-026-00732-5","article-title":"Lipid metabolic disorders: A pivotal driver in type 2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Wu J","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2026-002294","article-title":"Interplay between MASLD, obesity and type 2 diabetes: Epidemiology, shared pathways and clinical implications","volume":"13","author":"Tachi K","year":"2026","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cph4.70208","article-title":"The adipose\u2010organ communication network in clinical obesity: From Adiposopathy to systemic metabolic failure","volume":"16","author":"Sabarathinam S","year":"2026","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-026-00733-4","article-title":"Adipose tissue plasticity and adipogenesis: From cellular mechanisms to therapeutic targets in obesity","volume":"15","author":"Rocha S","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3999","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i25.3999","article-title":"Insulin resistance and adipose tissue interactions as the cornerstone of metabolic (dysfunction)\u2010associated fatty liver disease pathogenesis","volume":"29","author":"Pal SC","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58050641","article-title":"Chronic inflammation\u2010a link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and dysfunctional adipose tissue","volume":"58","author":"Petrescu M","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","first-page":"S10","article-title":"Pathogenesis of MASLD and MASH \u2010 role of insulin resistance and lipotoxicity","volume":"59","author":"Bansal SK","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03351-5","article-title":"Composite C\u2010reactive protein\u2010triglyceride\u2010glucose adiposity indices and incident cardiovascular\u2010liver\u2010metabolic multimorbidity: A prospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Chen J","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02675-y","article-title":"Cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein, and glucose index versus triglyceride\u2013glucose index in predicting cardiovascular disease risk: A cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Mo D","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-026-03167-3","article-title":"The cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein, and glucose index and its derived indices predict diabetic kidney disease development and progression: Evidence from two nationwide cohorts and a biopsy\u2010proven clinical cohort","volume":"25","author":"Cui W","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181c30fb2","article-title":"Assessing the performance of prediction models: A framework for traditional and novel measures","volume":"21","author":"Steyerberg EW","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jdi.70462","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jdi.70462","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jdi.70462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:31:30Z","timestamp":1791549090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jdi.70462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jdi.70462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdi.70462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-1116","2040-1124"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-1116","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-1124","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-08-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jdi.70462"}}