{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T08:33:53Z","timestamp":1789893233135,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ricerca corrente 2012"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bullous pemphigoid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>) is an autoimmune blistering disease due to autoantibodies against two hemidesmosomal antigens, namely <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>180 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>230, and characterized by coagulation activation both at cutaneous and systemic levels. Skin\u2010infiltrating eosinophils contribute to bulla formation and, upon activation, are supposed to initiate the coagulation cascade.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether the activation of eosinophils and coagulation are linked in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the correlation between eosinophil cationic protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECP<\/jats:styled-content>) levels and concentrations of the prothrombotic markers F1\u00a0+\u00a02 and D\u2010dimer in blister fluid and blood samples of 30 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Thirty healthy subjects were used as normal controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECP<\/jats:styled-content>, F1\u00a0+\u00a02 and D\u2010dimer plasma levels were significantly higher in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> patients than in normal subjects. A significant correlation was found between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECP<\/jats:styled-content> plasma levels and blood eosinophil count (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.54, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). F1\u00a0+\u00a02 plasma levels positively correlated with disease severity, expressed as the percentage of body surface area involved (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.36, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.048). A striking increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECP<\/jats:styled-content> (288.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a045.2\u00a0ng\/mL), F1\u00a0+\u00a02 (31\u00a0409.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02929.4\u00a0pmol\/L) and D\u2010dimer levels (342\u00a0798.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a044\u00a0206\u00a0ng\/mL) was found in blister fluid from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> patients. In blister fluid, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECP<\/jats:styled-content> levels were significantly higher than in peripheral blood (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and were positively correlated with the levels of both F1\u00a0+\u00a02 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02) and D\u2010dimer (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0045).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECP<\/jats:styled-content> levels are strikingly elevated in blister fluids from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> patients and correlate with markers of coagulation activation, supporting the view that eosinophils initiate the coagulation cascade at skin level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T11:51:36Z","timestamp":1395316296000},"page":"813-817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Eosinophil cationic protein levels parallel coagulation activation in the blister fluid of patients with bullous pemphigoid"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Tedeschi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.V.","family":"Marzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Dermatologia Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia medico\u2010chirurgica e dei trapianti Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Milano Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Balice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Dermatologia Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia medico\u2010chirurgica e dei trapianti Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Milano Milano Italy"},{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Medicina Interna 2 Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61140-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.4.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08880.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03989.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.09.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903293086"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2011.04391.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.596361"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"897","article-title":"Deposition of eosinophil granule proteins precedes blister formation in bullous pemphigoid. 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