{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T11:02:15Z","timestamp":1789038135574,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitiligo is a disorder of pigmentation affecting about 1% of the global population. It is a psychologically devastating disease with suboptimal treatment options. Narrowband ultraviolet B (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content>) phototherapy has become a first\u2010line choice for treating generalized disease. In recent years, topical calcineurin inhibitors, vitamin D analogues, antioxidant agents and other therapies have been combined with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> to improve its efficacy. This article will address what is known about the mechanisms of action of these treatments and how they may complement <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> on a cellular level, as well as offer a comprehensive, evidence\u2010based review of clinical outcomes with combination therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T06:48:08Z","timestamp":1406702888000},"page":"1610-1622","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in combination with other therapies for vitiligo: mechanisms and efficacies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Yazdani Abyaneh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.D.","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Falto\u2010Aizpurua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Nouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine Miami FL 33136 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2006.00355.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08881.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2012.00997.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01369.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"The psychological aspects of vitiligo","volume":"73","author":"Silvan M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2007.00399.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2008.00528.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.10.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890480045006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11197.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.07.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.12.1532"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.5.578"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2008.00198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2012.01484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12480997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2004.00221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2002.1o049.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"292","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study before and after narrow band (311\u00a0nm) UVB treatment in vitiligo","volume":"18","author":"Francesco V","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/2005-02-15-IR-441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.4.711"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630802155057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.142.7.927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.113091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03712.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2010.00540.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.02101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06779.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04498.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06739.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23858.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000088505"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555575307309","article-title":"Hyperpigmentation due to calcipotriol plus heliotherapy in psoriatic patients","volume":"75","author":"Kokelj F","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Hyperpigmentation due to topical calcipotriol and photochemotherapy in two psoriatic patients","volume":"197","author":"Glaser R","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00079.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2005.02037.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01546.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2005.00139.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02154.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2010.03838.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2004.00114.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138945008783954970"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09692.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07618.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","first-page":"372","article-title":"Open trial of topical tacalcitol and solar irradiation for vitiligo vulgaris: upregulation of c\u2010Kit mRNA by cultured melanocytes","volume":"13","author":"Katayama I","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12477126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2001.04286.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000017991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jidsp.5640189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270009335769"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2007.02514.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2009.0699","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy of narrow band ultraviolet B and narrow band ultraviolet B plus topical catalase\u2010superoxide dismutase treatment in vitiligo patients","volume":"19","author":"Yuksel EP","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Topical Antioxidant and Narrowband versus Topical Combination of Calcipotriol plus Betamethathone Dipropionate and Narrowband in the Treatment of Vitiligo","volume":"8","author":"Doghim NN","year":"2011","journal-title":"Life Sci J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Treatment of vitiligo with narrow\u2010band UVB and topical gel containing catalase and superoxide dismutase","volume":"15","author":"Kostovi\u0107 K","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol Croat"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09252.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.03660.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2002.01142.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.02132.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12492612"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10564.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2008.00385.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10723.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.42905"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","first-page":"S131","article-title":"A comparison between the efficacy of narrow band ultra violet B phototherapy with and without needling of the lesion in the treatment of vitiligo","volume":"17","author":"Mohaghegh F","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamadermatol.386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2011.579084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/472546"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Comparison between narrow\u2010band UVB with topical corticosteroid and narrow\u2010band UVB with placebo in the treatment of vitiligo: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Lim\u2010Ong MdIS","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Philipp Dermatol Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2013.777381"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000155502320624113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.62964"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04505.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.6.677"}],"container-title":["Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjdv.12619","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjdv.12619","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jdv.12619","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T15:46:41Z","timestamp":1695570401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jdv.12619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jdv.12619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.12619","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0926-9959","1468-3083"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0926-9959","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3083","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]}}}