{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:07:58Z","timestamp":1790809678942,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,14]],"date-time":"2014-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Intendis GmbH","award":["MF2563126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MF2563126"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Growing numbers of post\u2010adolescent females are suffering from treatment\u2010resistant or relapsing adult acne forms, therefore requiring the definition of safe and effective treatment options for this burdening disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the efficacy of azelaic acid 15% gel (AzA) vs. no treatment during maintenance therapy of female adult acne and to compare its efficacy and safety vs. adapalene 0.1% gel (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>) during a 9\u2010month period (3\u2010month treatment and 6\u2010month maintenance treatment).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 55 women between 18 and 45\u00a0years with adult acne were included in this investigator\u2010blind trial and randomized into three groups receiving AzA gel b.i.d. for 9\u00a0months (AzA9M, <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>17) or AzA gel b.i.d. for 3\u00a0months followed by a 6\u2010month observational phase (AzA3M, <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>19) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> gel once daily for 9\u00a0months (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>9M, <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>19). Parameters of efficacy, safety and patient\u2010related factors were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reduction in lesion counts, severity and Dermatology Life Quality Index score was significant (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05) and comparable between groups during the treatment phase, while dryness and scaling were significantly lower (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05) in group AzA9M vs. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>9M. During maintenance, AzA9M was superior to AzA3M in the control of inflammatory lesions (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.008) and total lesions (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.014) at week 24. From week 12 to week 36, a mild relative increase in inflammatory lesions could be observed in all groups. In AzA3M, this increase exceeded that of AzA9M by 23.1% (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.109), while the difference of total lesions diverged to 30.8% (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.038). No significant differences could be detected between AzA9M and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>9M. Group AzA9M was non\u2010inferior to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>9M (non\u2010inferiority margin of 50% for the confidence limit for the relative effect) in the control of inflammatory acne lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AzA15% gel is a safe and effective treatment and maintenance treatment of female adult acne with non\u2010inferior efficacy to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> 0.1% gel in the control of inflammatory acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,14]],"date-time":"2014-11-14T15:51:06Z","timestamp":1415980266000},"page":"789-796","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["A randomized investigator\u2010blind parallel\u2010group study to assess efficacy and safety of azelaic acid 15% gel vs. adapalene 0.1% gel in the treatment and maintenance treatment of female adult acne"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Thielitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biometry and Medical Informatics Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Wiede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kropf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biometry and Medical Informatics Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke University Magdeburg 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