{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:36:52Z","timestamp":1791052612355,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,5]],"date-time":"2015-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Preliminary studies described morphological features of actinic keratosis (AK<\/jats:styled-content>) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC<\/jats:styled-content>) imaged by High\u2010Definition Optical Coherence Tomography (HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content>) and suggested that this technique may aid in their diagnosis. However, systematic studies evaluating the accuracy of HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content> for the diagnosis of AK<\/jats:styled-content> and SCC<\/jats:styled-content> are lacking so far.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>In this study, we sought to design an algorithm for AK<\/jats:styled-content> classification that could (i) distinguish SCC<\/jats:styled-content> from AK<\/jats:styled-content> and normal skin, (ii) differentiate AK<\/jats:styled-content> from normal skin and (iii) discriminate AK<\/jats:styled-content>s with adnexal involvement from those without.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A total of 53 histopathologically confirmed lesions (37 AK<\/jats:styled-content>s and 16 SCC<\/jats:styled-content>) were imaged by HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content>. Fifty\u2010three HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content> images of normal skin of healthy volunteers, with matched age, skin type and anatomic site, were taken as reference. By comparing these 106 en face and cross\u2010sectional HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content> images, particular features were selected based on their potential to discriminate AK<\/jats:styled-content> from normal skin and from SCC<\/jats:styled-content>, and to assess adnexal involvement in AK<\/jats:styled-content>. This study represents a training set not a testing set. Severe (>300 \u03bcm) hyperkeratotic AKs were not included in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Particular features with high Phi coefficient could be identified. The absence of an outlined dermo\u2013epidermal junction (DEJ<\/jats:styled-content>) on cross\u2010sectional images allowed discriminating SCC<\/jats:styled-content> from AK<\/jats:styled-content> and normal skin (Phi coefficient\u00a0=\u00a00.84). AK<\/jats:styled-content> could be discriminated from normal skin in both imaging modes by the presence of alternating hyperkeratosis\/parakeratosis in cross\u2010sectional mode and\/or<\/jats:italic> variability in shape, size and reflectivity of cells (atypical honeycomb pattern) in en face mode. Adnexal involvement of AK<\/jats:styled-content> could be assessed by the disappearance of the typical cocarde<\/jats:italic> image of adnexal epithelium in en face mode.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>This study provides select 3\u2010D HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content> features having a potential to discriminate SCC<\/jats:styled-content> from AK<\/jats:styled-content> and normal skin. Based on these particular features with high Phi coefficient, a diagnostic algorithm is designed which will be used later in validation studies to determine HD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010OCT<\/jats:styled-content> accuracy in AK<\/jats:styled-content>\/SCC<\/jats:styled-content> classification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,6]],"date-time":"2015-02-06T03:25:40Z","timestamp":1423193140000},"page":"1606-1615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["High\u2010definition optical coherence tomography algorithm for the discrimination of actinic keratosis from normal skin and from squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"M.A.L.M.","family":"Boone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles H\u00f4pital Erasme Brussels 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