{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T04:15:50Z","timestamp":1789964150719,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,14]],"date-time":"2015-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Skin Cancer Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Actinic keratosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>) is a frequent health condition attributable to chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Several treatment options are available and evidence based guidelines are missing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of these evidence\u2010 and consensus\u2010based guidelines was the development of treatment recommendations appropriate for different subgroups of patients presenting with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>. A secondary aim of these guidelines was the implementation of knowledge relating to the clinical background of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>, including consensus\u2010based recommendations for the histopathological definition, diagnosis and the assessment of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The guidelines development followed a pre\u2010defined and structured process. For the underlying systematic literature review of interventions for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>, the methodology suggested by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRISMA<\/jats:styled-content>) statement and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRADE<\/jats:styled-content>) methodology was adapted. All recommendations were consented during a consensus conference using a formal consensus methodology. Strength of recommendations was expressed based on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRADE<\/jats:styled-content> approach. If expert opinion without external evidence was incorporated into the reasoning for making a certain recommendation, the rationale was provided. The Guidelines underwent open public review and approval by the commissioning societies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Various interventions for the treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content> have been assessed for their efficacy. The consenting procedure led to a treatment algorithm as shown in the guidelines document. Based on expert consensus, the present guidelines present recommendations on the classification of patients, diagnosis and histopathological definition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>. Details on the methods and results of the systematic literature review and guideline development process have been published separately.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>International guidelines are intended to be adapted to national or regional circumstances (regulatory approval, availability and reimbursement of treatments).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]],"date-time":"2015-09-15T00:01:20Z","timestamp":1442275280000},"page":"2069-2079","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":249,"title":["Evidence\u2010 and consensus\u2010based (S3) Guidelines for the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis \u2013 International League of Dermatological Societies in cooperation with the European Dermatology Forum \u2013 Short version"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"R.N.","family":"Werner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Department of Dematology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Stockfleth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology Skin Cancer Center (HTCC) Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.M.","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Dermatologia Epidermis Instituto CUF and Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Erdmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Department of Dematology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin and Cancer Foundation Victoria Carlton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne Fitzroy Victoria Australia"},{"name":"The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc. London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Department of Dematology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Kerl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.W.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Henry Ford Hospital Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Laser Center of Maui Kihei Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Paquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediprobe Research Inc. London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.M.","family":"Pariser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology and Virginia Clinical Research Inc Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Rosumeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Department of Dematology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010J.","family":"R\u00f6wert\u2010Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatopathology Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sahota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Whipps Cross University Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.P.","family":"Sangueza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Shumack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Northern Medical School University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Sporbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Department of Dematology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.A.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Surgery, and Otolaryngology Oregon Health and Science University Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Surgical and Cosmetic Dermatology and Clinical Operations Oregon Health and Science University Knight Cancer Institute Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Torezan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence Based Medicine (dEBM), Department of Dematology, Venerology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u2013 Guidelines Review Committee.WHO handbook for guideline development. [WWW document]2012. URLhttp:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/75146\/1\/9789241548441_eng.pdf(last accessed: 16 January 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"AGREE Next Steps Consortium.The AGREE II instrument. [WWW document]2009. URLhttp:\/\/www.agreetrust.org(last accessed: 16 January 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","unstructured":"HigginsJPT GreenS.Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1.0. [WWW document].The Cochrane Collaboration 2011. URLwww.cochrane-handbook.org(last accessed: 5 January 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7001.376"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.107497"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07860.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.07121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103344"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1996.534"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12246.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.426"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/skinbio.2013.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Sunlight and sunburn in human skin cancer: p53, apoptosis, and tumor promotion","volume":"1","author":"Brash DE","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","first-page":"2081","article-title":"Induction of cancer, actinic keratosis, and specific p53 mutations by UVB light in human skin maintained in severe combined immunodeficient mice","volume":"57","author":"Nomura T","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08267.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(02)00461-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114594"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200204000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"The role of human papillomavirus in common skin conditions: current viewpoints and therapeutic options","volume":"86","author":"Lebwohl MG","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgl191"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002125"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08544.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02560.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr054224"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-59410-6_30"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2012.02520.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-002-0358-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","volume-title":"Clinical Practice Guide: Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma (and Related Lesions): A Guide to Clinical Management in Australia","author":"Cancer Council Australia, Australian Cancer Network","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00048.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06644.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12420"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962012000300012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199310143291602"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.4.451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1995.01690140054008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)12168-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0352"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630701487635"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12159"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(91)70113-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","first-page":"335","article-title":"Actinic keratosis: how to differentiate the good from the bad ones?","volume":"16","author":"Quaedvlieg PJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjdv.13180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjdv.13180","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jdv.13180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T12:45:29Z","timestamp":1695559529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jdv.13180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,14]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jdv.13180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.13180","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0926-9959","1468-3083"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0926-9959","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3083","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,14]]}}}