{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T14:55:29Z","timestamp":1769266529737,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]],"date-time":"2015-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content>) due to <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>L.\u00a0major<\/jats:italic>) is common in the Middle East; however, this skin infection may be under\u2010diagnosed when it presents atypically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To highlight the occurrence of uncommon presentations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> that may elude diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was performed among patients who presented at The Sheba Medical Center between 2005 and 2014 with atypical clinical presentations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> due to <jats:italic>L.\u00a0major<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve patients with unusual clinical presentations of <jats:italic>L.\u00a0major <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> were identified. All infections were acquired in <jats:italic>L.\u00a0major<\/jats:italic> \u2013 endemic areas of Israel. The average age was 37\u00a0years. The average number of lesions was 2. Nine patients presented with a form that mimicked other forms of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content>, such as lupoid, giant ulcer, sporotrichoid and recidivans, and three had a variant resembling other infectious skin diseases, such as erysipeloid and verruciform. All patients required systemic therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to <jats:italic>L.\u00a0major<\/jats:italic> can masquerade as many other infectious and inflammatory diseases. In addition, it can mimic clinical forms of New World <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content>. We suggest that in endemic countries or in travellers returning from countries where <jats:italic>L.\u00a0major<\/jats:italic> is endemic, polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) for <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> should be performed routinely in cases of unusual presentations of dermatitis with a single or a few lesions, even if a diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> was not considered by the referring clinician.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T01:12:45Z","timestamp":1441674765000},"page":"1171-1175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Unusual forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to <i>Leishmania 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