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A systematic review of the literature on the use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content> for the study of infections and infestations has been performed to evaluate the current use of this technique and its possible future applications in this field. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content> is particularly suitable for the identification of <jats:italic>Sarcoptes scabies<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Demodex folliculorum<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Ixodes<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Dermatophytes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida species<\/jats:italic> in the clinical practice and for the follow\u2010up after treatment. The cytopathic effect of <jats:italic>herpes simplex virus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> varicella zoster virus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>molluscipoxviru<\/jats:italic>s is also detectable by this imaging technique even in a pre\u2010vesicular stage. In addition, thanks to its non\u2010invasiveness, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCM<\/jats:styled-content> allows pathophysiological studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]],"date-time":"2015-09-21T11:54:23Z","timestamp":1442836463000},"page":"754-763","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Reflectance confocal microscopy for cutaneous infections and infestations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Cinotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department University Hospital of Saint\u2010Etienne Saint Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.L.","family":"Perrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department University Hospital of Saint\u2010Etienne Saint Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Labeille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department University Hospital of Saint\u2010Etienne Saint Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Cambazard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department University Hospital of Saint\u2010Etienne Saint Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000247294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00376820"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10645.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11096.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.10.1336"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.11.901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annder.2012.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12557"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annder.2012.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-011-0894-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2012.00615.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12216"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13506"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1411.080288"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2012.07910_suppl.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.17.6.060503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357525"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annder.2013.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Microscopic diagnosis of onychomycoses","volume":"121","author":"Pi\u00e9rard GE","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90128-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"1076","article-title":"A better potassium hydroxide preparation? 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