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In women, <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> is associated with cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PID<\/jats:styled-content>). Transmission of <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> occurs through direct mucosal contact. Asymptomatic infections are frequent. In women, symptoms include vaginal discharge, dysuria or symptoms of PID \u2013 abdominal pain and dyspareunia. In men, urethritis, dysuria and discharge predominates. Besides symptoms, indication for laboratory test is a high\u2010risk sexual behaviour. Diagnosis is achievable only through nucleic acid amplification testing (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAAT<\/jats:styled-content>). If available, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAAT<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis should be followed with an assay for macrolide resistance. Therapy for <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> is indicated if <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> is detected or on an epidemiological basis. Doxycycline has a low cure rate of 30\u201340%, but does not increase resistance. Azithromycin has a cure rate of 85\u201395% in macrolide susceptible infections. An extended course appears to have a higher cure rate. An increasing prevalence of macrolide resistance, most likely due to widespread use of azithromycin 1 g single dose without test of cure, is drastically decreasing the cure rate. Moxifloxacin can be used as second\u2010line therapy, but resistance is increasing. Uncomplicated <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> infection should be treated with azithromycin 500 mg on day one, then 250 mg on days 2\u20135 (oral), or josamycin 500 mg three times daily for 10 days (oral). Second line treatment and treatment for uncomplicated macrolide resistant <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> infection is moxifloxacin 400 mg od for 7\u201310 days (oral). For third line treatment of persistent <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> infection after azithromycin and moxifloxacin doxycycline 100 mg two times daily for 14 days can be tried and may cure 30%. Pristinamycin 1 g four times daily for 10 days (oral) has a cure rate of app. 90%. Complicated <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic> infection (PID, epididymitis) is treated with moxifloxacin 400 mg od for 14 days.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]],"date-time":"2016-08-09T16:13:04Z","timestamp":1470759184000},"page":"1650-1656","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":299,"title":["2016 European guideline on <i>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/i> infections"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"J.S.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Infection Control Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cusini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gomberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moscow 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