{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T20:58:01Z","timestamp":1777409881908,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]],"date-time":"2016-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autoimmune blistering diseases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content>) comprise several entities characterized by the presence of autoantibodies targeted against structural proteins either in desmosomes or in the dermoepidermal junction of polystratified squamous epithelium. Patients develop blisters, erosions in cutaneous surfaces or mucosas. Diagnosis is based on the characteristic mucocutaneous lesions, the typical findings on histological studies and direct immunofluorescence assays, and the presence of specific autoantibodies against the epidermal antigens. It may not be possible for dermatologists to appropriately explore the nose and throat (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>). Thus, a clinical exploration by endoscopic procedures of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> may be a useful tool during the conventional dermatological exam. The aims of this review are to draw attention to the most frequent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> manifestations in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content> patients, and underline the utility of endoscopic procedures to achieve a more successful and rationale management of patients. Additionally, we will provide brief information related to the anatomical structures and type of epithelium in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> areas which may explain the extent and type of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> involvement in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content>. Endoscopic exploration in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content> patients is important for several reasons. Firstly, it will allow the real <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> mucosal involvement in each patient to be determined, thus making a differential diagnosis during the endoscopic exam possible, based on the localization of mucosal lesions. Secondary mucosal morbidity can also be ruled out. Secondly, the clinical response to treatment may be established, especially in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> mucosa, as these are anatomical areas subjected to important local traumas, and physiological functions such as breathing, swallowing, speech production and phonation may be damaged. Therefore, a multidisciplinary management in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content> is mandatory by both dermatologists and otorhinolaryngologists, adding the clinical exploration by endoscopic procedures of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content> to the conventional dermatological exam in all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIBD<\/jats:styled-content> patients, irrespective of whether they exhibit associated symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]],"date-time":"2016-09-14T07:19:21Z","timestamp":1473837561000},"page":"791-797","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring beyond the oral mucosa in patients affected with autoimmune blistering diseases: the importance of endoscopic procedures"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Espa\u00f1a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology School of Medicine University Clinic of Navarra Navarra Spain"},{"name":"Unit of Autoimmune Blistering Skin Disorders School of Medicine University Clinic of Navarra Navarra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine University Clinic of Navarra Navarra Spain"},{"name":"Unit of Autoimmune Blistering Skin Disorders School of Medicine University Clinic of Navarra Navarra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/15665240113136660079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07783.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11098.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820110116857"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/088)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4305.1264"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.03981.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.112225"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05846.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"792","article-title":"Upper airway tract upper gastrointestinal tract involvement in patients with pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"20","author":"Su O","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215112001375"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0208-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10153-011-0098-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"663","article-title":"Bullous lesions of the larynx. 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