{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:35:44Z","timestamp":1783488944466,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,6]],"date-time":"2016-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alopecia areata totalis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAT<\/jats:styled-content>) and universalis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAU<\/jats:styled-content>) pose a therapeutic challenge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the clinical and epidemiological features, therapeutic response and prognostic factors in a large series of patients diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAT<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAU<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective multicenter study included patients diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAT<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAU<\/jats:styled-content> with a minimum follow\u2010up of 12 months. Response was assessed based on the regrowth of scalp hair.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 132 patients (92 women and 40 men) \u2013 80 (61%) diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAU<\/jats:styled-content> and 52 (39%) diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAT<\/jats:styled-content> \u2013 were included. The median time between the presentation of alopecia areata (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>) and the development of extensive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> was 1 year and it was less than 4 years in 121 patients (91%). There was an initial response to treatment in 64% of patients, although only 14% presented a persistent response. Adverse side effects from the medications used were detected in 33% of patients. The prognostic factors associated with poor response were the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAU<\/jats:styled-content> and a positive family history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAT<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAU<\/jats:styled-content> is challenging. Although an initial regrowth may be achieved, the duration of response is usually short. There were no significant differences on the effectiveness or duration of response between the various systemic therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,8]],"date-time":"2016-09-08T14:59:18Z","timestamp":1473346758000},"page":"550-556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Alopecia areata totalis and universalis: a multicenter review of 132 patients in Spain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Va\u00f1\u00f3\u2010Galv\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service Trichology Unit Ramon y Cajal Hospital IRYCIS University of Alcala Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Crehuet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service Hospital Universitario Reina Sof\u00eda Instituto Maim\u00f3nides de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (IMIBIC) 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