{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T02:57:46Z","timestamp":1771556266050,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,2]],"date-time":"2016-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sulphur mustard (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content>) is an alkylating chemical warfare agent which causes acute and chronic injuries to the eyes, skin, lung and respiratory tract.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the relationship between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content> poisoning and Mycosis fungoides (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MF<\/jats:styled-content>) as a late consequence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study, the medical files of 1100 Iranian veterans confirmed to have exposure to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content> agent during the Iraq\u2013Iran war of the 1980s were reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 10 cases with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MF<\/jats:styled-content> were confirmed by clinical and histopathological examinations. The mean age of the studied subjects was 43.3 \u00b1 9.8 (years). In comparison to MF incidence rate in Iranian general population (0.39\/100 000 person\u2010years), we found an incidence rate of 0.799\/100 000 person\u2010years for MF among those who had short\u2010term exposure to SM. The most common sites for SM lesions were flexural and thin skin areas. The main limitation was the retrospective design.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study indicates that the risk of MF in those exposed to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content> may increase over time. Therefore, their follow\u2010up is recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T16:40:56Z","timestamp":1476204056000},"page":"432-437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mycosis fungoides two decades after exposure to sulphur mustard: a follow\u2010up of 1100 victims"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"S.N.","family":"Emadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Shiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Shiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Architecture Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.E.","family":"Emadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Mazandaran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Mortazavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nikoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Akhavan\u2010Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Baqiyatallah University of Iran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","volume-title":"Medical Defense Against Mustard Gas: Toxic Mechanisms and Pharmacological Implications","author":"Fiester AJ","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470060032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"177","volume-title":"Chemicals in Warfare: A Treatise on Chemical Warfare","author":"Prentiss AM","year":"1937"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","unstructured":"United Nations Security Council.Report of the mission dispatched by the Secretary\u2010General to investigate allegations of the use of chemical weapons in the conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Iraq United Nations: New York USA United Nations April 25 1988. 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