{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:42:02Z","timestamp":1787506922331,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Antibiotic (\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) treatment is one of the first steps in the management of hidradenitis suppurativa (\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Bacteria, in\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients, may play a double role, as triggering factors of inflammatory reactions and\/or agents of infection.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n The aims of this study are as follows: (i) to assess prevalence and\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n resistance of bacterial growths in\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients (ii) assessment of the clinical relevance of obtained data in guiding the selection of the most effective\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n therapy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Purulent material from 137 skin lesions of\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients was collected with swabs. Bacterial flora and\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n sensitivity were determined using microbiological cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 114 samples resulted positive for bacteria. Sample was collected from the axillae, groin and perianal areas. A total of 163 single bacterial growths were observed; 55% were Gram\u2010positive and 44% were Gram\u2010negative. Among them, 18.4% were anaerobic. The most frequent bacterial families included enterobacteriaceae (30.7%),\n Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n (25.2%) and\n Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n (14.1%). The most frequent genus or species were proteus spp. (13.5%) and\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n (9.8%). The prevalence of\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n resistance observed was clindamycin 65.7%, rifampicin 69.3%, penicillin 70.0%, ciprofloxacin 74%, tetracycline 84.7% and erythromycin 89.0%. A limitation of the study is represented the short culture period adopted which may have impaired the isolation of anaerobes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Bacterial growth in\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients has shown a high level of resistance to\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n s, including rifampicin, clindamycin and tetracyclines, cited as an empiric choice in\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n therapeutic guidelines. A targeted and specific\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n therapy, driven by microbiological evaluations with prolonged culture periods, seems more appropriate than empiric, generic, non\u2010specific, therapeutic approaches. Current knowledge regarding\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n bacterial\n AB<\/jats:styled-content>\n resistance should be considered in the update of current therapeutic guidelines for\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T06:38:17Z","timestamp":1541399897000},"page":"930-936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Rates of antibiotic resistance\/sensitivity in bacterial cultures of hidradenitis suppurativa patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Bettoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section\u00a0of Dermatology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3601-655X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Manfredini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section\u00a0of Dermatology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"},{"name":"Dermatology Unit Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental & Morphological Sciences with Interest Transplant, Oncological & Regenerative Medicine University of Modena & Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Massoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O.U. of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and of the Migrants University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Carillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O.U. Microbiology Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Barozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O.U. Microbiology Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Amendolagine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section\u00a0of Dermatology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Ruina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section\u00a0of Dermatology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Musmeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section\u00a0of Dermatology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Libanore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O.U. of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and of the Migrants University of Ferrara Ferrara 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Modena & Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Corazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Section\u00a0of Dermatology University of Ferrara Ferrara 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