{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T13:34:20Z","timestamp":1774100060221,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RA 1026\/3\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RA 1026\/3\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease with an increased incidence particularly among the elderly. Several studies have recently reported an association between BP and neurological disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the association between BP and neurological disorders in a single centre in Germany.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively assessed 183 patients with BP (diagnosed between 2011 and 2015) and 348 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls for neurological disorders. The latter were confirmed either by a neurologist or psychiatrist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, there was a highly statistically significant association between BP and neurological disorders (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). These included dementia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), Parkinson`s disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0434), stroke (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0015) and other neurological disorders but not Alzheimer's diseases, which was more common among patients in the control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our cohort of bullous pemphigoid and neurological disorders demonstrates a significant association between bullous pemphigoid and neurological disorders, including dementia, Parkinson's disease and stroke. These observations support the need for future studies in order to elucidate the immunological mechanisms responsible for these comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,21]],"date-time":"2019-01-21T09:23:05Z","timestamp":1548062585000},"page":"925-929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Neurological disorders are associated with bullous pemphigoid"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Papakonstantinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.M.","family":"Limberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Allergology and Immunodermatology Department of Medicine University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gehring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kotnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Allergology and Immunodermatology Department of Medicine University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.F.","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Allergology and Immunodermatology Department of Medicine University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Raap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Division of Experimental Allergology and Immunodermatology Department of Medicine University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm1500430"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70061-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(81)90115-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114812"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60503-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R400034200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.04.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/240570"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12877"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2003.01419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2581"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.07.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37125"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13401"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"6053267","article-title":"Frequency of neurological disorders in bullous pemphigoid patients: a cross\u2010sectional study","volume":"2017","author":"Khosravani S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Sch Res Notices"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20153334"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"The association between bullous pemphigoid and neurological disorders in a selected Malaysian population","volume":"70","author":"Kwan Z","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15405"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15581"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12136"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20142516"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","unstructured":"Alzheimer Europe Luxembourg. 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