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Distinct differential metabolites were identified by principal component analysis, partial least squares\u2010discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Furthermore, five metabolites were identified as significantly different by Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, including trimethylamine N\u2010oxide, <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010arginine, lyso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>(18:0), betaine and acetylcarnitine. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KEGG<\/jats:styled-content> analysis showed that these differential metabolites were in various pathways, including Chagas disease, fatty acid biosynthesis, primary bile acid biosynthesis, Salmonella infection, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABC<\/jats:styled-content> transporters, glycerophospholipid metabolism and choline metabolism. Among them, trimethylamine N\u2010oxide was 3.922 times in patients with syphilis than healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trimethylamine N\u2010oxide may be used as an indicator to distinguish between syphilis patients and healthy controls. The changes in these metabolites suggest that <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic> affects the normal metabolic activity of host cells, providing some clues for elucidating the pathogenesis of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0pallidum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T06:40:17Z","timestamp":1551163217000},"page":"1378-1385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Analysis of serum metabolite profiles in syphilis patients by untargeted metabolomics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"L.\u2010L.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital School of Medicine, Xiamen University Xiamen China"},{"name":"Institute of Infectious Disease School of Medicine, Xiamen University Xiamen 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