{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:51:29Z","timestamp":1785876689117,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alopecia areata (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>) is a complex immune and polygenic inflammatory disease that causes hair loss on some or all areas of the body; extent, severity and progression vary widely among individuals. Alopecia areata, considered one of the most frequently occurring immune diseases, affects 0.2% of the world population at any given time. Uncertainty prevails about the most appropriate intervention for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of over 80 interventions for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>, including minoxidil \u2013 one of the most promising interventions for patchy <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> in children and adults of both sexes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An extensive search was conducted of international medical literature involving randomized clinical trials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> interventions. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively according to the previously published protocol and for seven specific outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The meta\u2010analysis involving 5% minoxidil vs. placebo presented a significant difference in favor of 5% minoxidil with the moderate quality of evidence in children and adults with patchy <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content> 8.37 [3.16\u201322.14], 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>). No severe adverse event was reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of patchy <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> with 5% minoxidil proved effective, and clinically and statistically safe in studies with limited sample size; quality of evidence was moderate. Further studies with sound methodological quality, more participants and outcome observations lasting longer than 6\u00a0months are needed to address remaining uncertainties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T22:58:04Z","timestamp":1551826684000},"page":"1792-1799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Minoxidil for patchy alopecia areata: systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2878-5500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.C.B.","family":"Freire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Informatics Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo 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