{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:11:51Z","timestamp":1791389511945,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alopecia areata (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>) is a common autoimmune disease that considerably affects the quality of life. Although several studies have investigated the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>, limited recent data are available regarding its long\u2010term course.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the long\u2010term course of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> in different age groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective evaluation of patients who were newly diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> from 2008 to 2011 and had at least 7\u00a0years of follow\u2010up. Data regarding the initial episode, treatment given, disease\u2010free interval and relapses were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 104 cases were analysed: 31 childhood\u2010onset, 63 adult\u2010onset and 10 late\u2010onset. At first episode, 88.5% of patients had mild, 3.8% moderate and 7.7% severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>. Full or significant re\u2010growth was observed in 74%, 94% and 100% of childhood\u2010onset, adult\u2010onset and late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> patients, respectively. There was no re\u2010growth in 13%, 3% and 0% of childhood\u2010onset, adult\u2010onset and late\u2010onset patients, respectively. The duration of the initial episode and the disease\u2010free interval negatively correlated with age. Systemic steroids were the most effective treatment for the primary episode. The frequency of relapses was high overall (52%, 44% and 30% in childhood\u2010onset, adult\u2010onset and late\u2010onset, respectively), but significantly declined over time with a majority (79%) occurring within the first 4\u00a0years. The disease\u2010free interval and relapse rate were not correlated with gender, disease severity at onset or treatment given.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of severe disease, duration of an initial episode and the rate of relapses decreased with an older age at onset. In addition, the outcome and the disease\u2010free interval improved with age at onset. The frequency of relapses declined over time and most appear early on. The current treatment modalities do not seem to influence the long\u2010term outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T01:11:47Z","timestamp":1553044307000},"page":"1602-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Alopecia areata: a long\u2010term follow\u2010up study of 104 patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Lyakhovitsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Aronovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer 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