{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:25:15Z","timestamp":1747185915828,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,23]],"date-time":"2020-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A number of research results on closed venereology facilities in the Soviet Occupation Zone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOZ<\/jats:styled-content>) and the German Democratic Republic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDR<\/jats:styled-content>) have been presented in recent years. However, little is known about similar facilities in the Western Occupation Zones (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WOZ<\/jats:styled-content>) and in the early Federal Republic of Germany (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRG<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have researched the records of the State Archive in Hamburg. Subsequently, the analysed sources were evaluated using the historically critical method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three closed venereology wards existed in Hamburg. Compulsory commitments were conducted according to a three\u2010stage procedure. In the immediate postwar period, the wards had barred windows and the doors were locked. Everyday life in the wards was initially determined by the postwar situation \u2013 poor facilities, poor hygiene, overcrowding. In the early 1950s, the number of beds was drastically reduced. The function of the wards consisted of isolation and medical care for the compulsorily committed persons. Medical care was in accordance with professional medical standards.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Closed venereology wards in Hamburg followed the tradition established during the period of the Weimar Republic. This becomes apparent both in terms of the legal framework and in terms of the structure and functions of the wards. Thus, they clearly differ from the closed venereology facilities in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOZ<\/jats:styled-content> and in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDR<\/jats:styled-content>. These facilities were established in the tradition of Soviet prophylactics institutions. The wards in Hamburg served as isolation and treatment centres, the facilities in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOZ<\/jats:styled-content> and in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDR<\/jats:styled-content> also had a disciplinary function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T00:27:37Z","timestamp":1580257657000},"page":"1319-1323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Closed venereology wards in postwar Hamburg"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7901-2335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Schochow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Bjoernsgard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Campus Hamburg Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Orzechowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Steger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1524\/9783486707588"},{"volume-title":"Traumatisierung durch politisierte Medizin. 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