{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T12:35:31Z","timestamp":1783427731515,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,15]],"date-time":"2020-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Apocrine glands have been long considered as the initial targeted skin compartment in hidradenitis suppurativa\/acne inversa (\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Detection of apocrine gland involvement in\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Apocrine glands were isolated from skin biopsies of involved and uninvolved skin of\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a016, females\u00a0:\u00a0males 1\u00a0:\u00a01) by laser capture microscopy and studied by whole transcriptome profiling. Dysregulated genes were detected by comparing lesional and non\u2010lesional skin obtained from female and male\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients using the Agilent array platform.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n \n SULF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\n <\/jats:italic>\n was the only gene, whose expression levels were found upregulated in apocrine glands of\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n lesions of the entire group. Further dysregulated genes associated with vascular functions (\n \n FGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n 17D\n <\/jats:italic>\n and\n S100A9<\/jats:italic>\n ) were detected. Genes, which are characteristic for glandular epithelia, confirmed the glandular origin of the studied tissue. The gene upregulation profile of female apocrine glands included several genes (\n \n MRO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n DYRK<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3,\n SDK<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2,\n GLB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1L,\n CATSPERB<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n and\n \n PRPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2\n <\/jats:italic>\n ), which are specifically transcribed during testis differentiation and\/or regulated by androgens. Genes related to lipid metabolism (\n \n AGPAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3,\n GAL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n ELOVL<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3,\n THRSP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n DGAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2L3,\n OLAH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n THRSP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n FADS<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1,\n NR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2F2,\n FADS<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2,\n PTGDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n and\n \n HAO<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2\n <\/jats:italic>\n ) were mostly downregulated in the apocrine glands of male patients. The levels of\n \n RECK<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n and\n \n PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5\n <\/jats:italic>\n , which are upstream genes of metalloproteinase\u20109 and \u20101, and of\n S100A9<\/jats:italic>\n , which encodes calgranulin B, were commonly increased in the apocrine glands of female and male patients, respectively, and in our previous whole skin study.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Our findings indicate that apocrine glands are bystanders in\n HS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Inflammatory signalling is not prominent but a gender\u2010specific response was detected, which is mostly associated with androgen\u2010responsive genes in females and alterations of lipid metabolism in males.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T10:09:05Z","timestamp":1581070145000},"page":"1555-1563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Apocrine glands are bystanders in hidradenitis suppurativa and their involvement is gender specific"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1646-2608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.C.","family":"Zouboulis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology Dessau Medical Center Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane Dessau Germany"},{"name":"European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation e.V. Dessau Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nogueira da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine, Oncology R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fimmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology Dessau Medical Center Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane Dessau Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.C.","family":"Zouboulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich Zurich 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