{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:45:22Z","timestamp":1792395922167,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral finasteride is a well\u2010established treatment for men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA), but long\u2010term therapy is not always acceptable to patients. A topical finasteride formulation has been developed to minimize systemic exposure by acting specifically on hair follicles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical finasteride compared with placebo, and to analyse systemic exposure and overall benefit compared with oral finasteride.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomized, double\u2010blind, double dummy, parallel\u2010group, 24\u2010week study was conducted in adult male outpatients with AGA at 45 sites in Europe. Efficacy and safety were evaluated. Finasteride, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 458 randomized patients, 323 completed the study and 446 were evaluated for safety. Change from baseline in target area hair count (TAHC) at week 24 (primary efficacy endpoint) was significantly greater with topical finasteride than placebo (adjusted mean change 20.2 vs. 6.7 hairs;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and numerically similar between topical and oral finasteride. Statistically significant differences favouring topical finasteride over placebo were observed for change from baseline in TAHC at week 12 and investigator\u2010assessed change from baseline in patient hair growth\/loss at week 24. Incidence and type of adverse events, and cause of discontinuation, did not differ meaningfully between topical finasteride and placebo. No serious adverse events were treatment related. As maximum plasma finasteride concentrations were &gt;100 times lower, and reduction from baseline in mean serum DHT concentration was lower (34.5 vs. 55.6%), with topical vs. oral finasteride, there is less likelihood of systemic adverse reactions of a sexual nature related to a decrease in DHT with topical finasteride.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Topical finasteride significantly improves hair count compared to placebo and is well tolerated. Its effect is similar to that of oral finasteride, but with markedly lower systemic exposure and less impact on serum DHT concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T14:44:34Z","timestamp":1633963474000},"page":"286-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Efficacy and safety of topical finasteride spray solution for male androgenetic alopecia: a phase III, randomized, controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6537-9689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.M.","family":"Piraccini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3528-3752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U.","family":"Blume\u2010Peytavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Scarci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Research and Development Center Sant Feliu de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7578-5162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.M.","family":"Jansat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Research and Development Center Sant Feliu de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Falqu\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Research and Development Center Sant Feliu de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Research and Development Center Sant Feliu de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.L.","family":"Tamarit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Research and Development Center Sant Feliu de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Galv\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Global Medical Affairs Department Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Tebbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Island View Consulting Ltd. Dronfield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Massana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almirall Research and Development Center Sant Feliu de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Topical Finasteride Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1998.00542.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401334"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2012.24.3.311"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0570111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199957010-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Long\u2010term (5\u2010year) multinational experience with finasteride 1 mg in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"12","author":"Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"400","article-title":"Long\u2010term treatment with finasteride 1 mg decreases the likelihood of developing further visible hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia (male pattern hair loss)","volume":"18","author":"Kaufman KD","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2011.01441.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15761\/CRT.1000273"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14719"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2018.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.0089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Adverse effects and safety of 5\u2010alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride): a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Hirshburg JM","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"457","article-title":"A systematic review of topical finasteride in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men and women","volume":"17","author":"Lee SW","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Effect of adiantum capillus veneris linn on an animal model of testosterone\u2010induced hair loss","volume":"13","author":"Noubarani M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran J Pharm Red"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546639709160517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CP202119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CP202467"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. 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