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Especially cardiovascular diseases and disruption in the gastrointestinal tract have limited health\u2010related quality of life (QoL). Several of those complications have been associated with chronic systemic inflammation. Short\u2010chain fatty acids (SCFA), with propionate as one of the major compounds, have been described as an important link between gut microbiota and the immune system, defining the pro\u2010 and the anti\u2010inflammatory milieu through direct and indirect regulation of T\u2010cell homeostasis. The effects of dietary supplementation of sodium propionate (SP) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) have not yet been investigated prior to this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the impact of SP uptake among PLHIV and its relevance to improve QoL, the study aimed to investigate metabolic, immunological, microbiome and patient\u2010reported QoL\u2010related changes post\u2010SP supplementation with follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective, non\u2010randomized, controlled, monocentric interventional study was conducted in WIR, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, in Bochum, Germany. 32 HIV+ patients with unaltered ART\u2010regimen in the last three months were included. Participants were given SP for a duration of 12\u2009weeks in the form of daily oral supplementation and were additionally followed\u2010up for another 12\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The supplementation of SP was well tolerated. We found an improvement in lipid profiles and long\u2010term blood glucose levels. A decrease in pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines and a depletion of effector T cells was observed. Regulatory T cells and IL\u201010 decreased. Furthermore, changes in taxonomic composition of the microbiome during follow\u2010up were observed and improvement of items of self\u2010reported life\u2010quality assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Taken together, the beneficial impact of SP in PLHIV reflects its potential in improving metabolic parameters and modulating pro\u2010inflammatory immune responses. Thus, possibly reducing the risk of cardiovascular disorders and facilitating long\u2010term improvement of the gut flora.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T17:14:49Z","timestamp":1645118089000},"page":"881-889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Influence of dietary supplementation of short\u2010chain fatty acid sodium propionate in people living with HIV (PLHIV)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1372-0491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Brauckmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"WIR\u2010Walk In Ruhr (WIR) Center for Sexual Health and Medicine  Bochum Germany"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Nambiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WIR\u2010Walk In Ruhr (WIR) Center for Sexual Health and Medicine  Bochum Germany"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5323-1281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Potthoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WIR\u2010Walk In Ruhr (WIR) Center for Sexual Health and Medicine  Bochum Germany"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"H\u00f6xtermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WIR\u2010Walk In Ruhr (WIR) Center for Sexual Health and Medicine  Bochum Germany"},{"name":"Public Health Department Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kayser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WIR\u2010Walk In Ruhr (WIR) Center for Sexual Health and Medicine  Bochum Germany"},{"name":"Aidshilfe Bochum (Aids Service Organization Bochum) e.V.  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