{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T17:56:41Z","timestamp":1779127001651,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021201","name":"European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPRC\u20102020\u201015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPRC\u20102020\u201015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021201","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2020, the number of displaced people worldwide reached 41.3 million (IOM, 2020). Among them, are many migrants and refugees at risk of sexual and gender\u2010based violence (SGBV). Healthcare providers have a key role to play in identifying migrant victims\/survivors of violence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper seeks to assess STIs prevalence, sexual health and sexual violence among third country nationals (TCNs) attending the GUC in Malta.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a mixed methods study carried out at the Genitourinary Clinic (GUC), which is the only public sexual health clinic in Malta. Demographic data, sexual history and diagnoses of patients attending the GUC between January 2018 and December 2019 were collected and retrospectively analysed. A SGBV risk assessment was performed through a semi\u2010structured questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the 24\u2010month study period, a total of 12\u2009654 patients accessed the GUC in Malta. Demographic data were collected on age, gender, nationality, marital status and sexual orientation. 16.4% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092064) of these were extra\u2010European migrants, predominantly male. 80 different nationalities were recorded, with the 5 most common being Nigerian, Filipino, Libyan, Syrian and Brazilian. The average age was 32.6\u2009years. Over 110 sex workers were visited at the GUC in the study period \u2013 20 were foreign, primarily from China. The presence of a \u2018massage parlour owner\u2019 during consultation, lack of control over passports and other factors were identified as warning signs of trafficking. 5 cases of sexual violence and forced prostitution involving girls from Sub\u2010Saharan Africa and, in 2 cases, boys recently arrived in Malta by boat, were encountered. 6 African women accessing the service exhibited a type of female genital mutilation (FGM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Migration, sexual health and SGBV overlap in important ways. Further research and training in SGBV and migration in the healthcare setting and awareness\u2010raising about existing services among the migrant population are required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]],"date-time":"2022-05-15T07:54:08Z","timestamp":1652601248000},"page":"1623-1631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gender, migration and violence among third country nationals accessing the sexual health clinic in Malta"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0654-2228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Rossoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law, Governance and Society Leiden University  Leiden the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Criminology University of Malta  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Gauci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Systems Management &amp; Leadership University of Malta  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gauci Farrugia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology Mater Dei Hospital, Triq Id\u2010Donaturi Tad\u2010Demm  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1274-9230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Padovese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology Mater Dei Hospital, Triq Id\u2010Donaturi Tad\u2010Demm  Msida Malta"},{"name":"International Foundation for Dermatology Migrant Health Dermatology Working Group  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"498","volume-title":"World Migration Report","author":"International Organization for Migration (IOM)","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"National Statistics Office (NSO).News Release Malta: NSO.2019. 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