{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T14:00:22Z","timestamp":1781186422491,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Demodex<\/jats:italic> spp. mites are the most complex resident of the human skin microbiome. Although they are considered commensals, they can be pathophysiologically relevant in inflammatory skin diseases like rosacea. Until now, there is no culture system available for these mites except for using live vertebrate hosts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our aim was to establish an <jats:italic>ex\u2009vivo<\/jats:italic> culture of human Demodex mites and to characterize the sebogenesis\u2010dependent mite density.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Demodex mites were cultivated in pilosebaceous units of human skin explants, called human organotypic skin explant culture (hOSEC). Furthermore, different sebogenesis\u2010modifying additives were evaluated. Mites and mite survival were evaluated using light and fluorescence microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 90\u2009days of incubation, living Demodex mites \u2013 including eggs, larvae and nymphs \u2013 were detected in the dissected skin samples. Incubation for 30\u2009days with anabolic steroids (testosterone and trenbolone) as well as retinol and retinoic acid (isotretinoin) yielded a reduced mite density.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>With this technique, mites can be cultivated <jats:italic>ex\u2009vivo<\/jats:italic> for the first time, thereby establishing new ways to investigate <jats:italic>Demodex<\/jats:italic> spp. The sebostatic effect of isotretinoin might explain the mechanism of action in the off\u2010label treatment of rosacea. We anticipate our findings to be the basis of an accelerated research on our most complex commensal, its life, biology and physiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T20:37:35Z","timestamp":1658867855000},"page":"2499-2503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["First <i>ex\u2009vivo<\/i> cultivation of human Demodex mites and evaluation of different drugs on mite proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9863-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.M.","family":"Clanner\u2010Engelshofen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital  Munich 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Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0465-3506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Reinholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-009-9272-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13517"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200006858X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Demodex folliculorum and rosacea: experimental and immunological 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