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Recent key studies have highlighted a better understanding of the important role of<jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>) in the development of acne. Three major findings in the last decade include: (1) the ability of<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>to self\u2010organize in a biofilm associated with a more virulent activity, (2) the loss of the<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>phylotype diversity and (3) the central role of the Th17 pathway in acne inflammation. Indeed, there is a close link between<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>and the activation of the Th17 immuno\u2010inflammatory pathway at the initiation of acne development. These mechanisms are directly linked to the loss of<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>phylotype diversity during acne, with a predominance of the pro\u2010pathogenic phylotype IA1. This specifically contributes to the induction of the Th17\u2010mediated immuno\u2010inflammatory response involving skin cells, such as keratinocytes, monocytes and sebocytes. These advancements have led to new insights into the underlying mechanisms which can be harnessed to develop novel treatments and diagnostic biomarkers. A major disadvantage of traditional treatment with topical antibiotics is that they induce cutaneous dysbiosis and antimicrobial resistance. Thus, future treatments would no longer aim to \u2018kill\u2019<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>, but to maintain the skin microbiota balance allowing for tissue homeostasis, specifically, the restoration of<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>phylotype diversity. Here, we provide an overview of some of the key processes involved in the pathogenesis of acne, with a focus on the prominent role of<jats:italic>C.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>and the Th17\u2010inflammatory pathways involved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T16:43:41Z","timestamp":1675356221000},"page":"3-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Recent advances in understanding inflammatory acne: Deciphering the relationship between<i>Cutibacterium acnes<\/i>and Th17 inflammatory pathway"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8055-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Mias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pierre Fabre Dermo\u2010Cosm\u00e9tique and Personal Care Toulouse 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