{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:42:00Z","timestamp":1788586920844,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transmission dynamics and presenting symptoms of intestinal spirochaetosis (<jats:italic>Brachyspira pilosicoli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Brachyspira aalborgi<\/jats:italic>) are poorly understood but is seen more frequently in men who have sex with men (MSM) where sexual transmission may occur. We aimed to systemically review the literature to define the factors and presenting symptoms associated with intestinal spirochaetosis in MSM. We systematically searched three bibliographical databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus) for manuscripts written in English up to November 2022. The primary author conducted an initial screen and three authors conducted independent reviews to determine the final eligible manuscripts. We only included manuscripts where there were specific data on factors and presenting symptoms associated with intestinal spirochaetosis in MSM. Fifteen manuscripts published between 1981 and 2022 met the inclusion criteria that included 188 MSM. Sexually transmitted intestinal spirochaetosis in MSM was associated with\u2014living with HIV (including having a low CD4 count &lt;200\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>), having a concomitant sexually transmitted infection, a history of a sexually transmitted infection, co\u2010infection with intestinal parasites; and sexual behaviour including oro\u2010anal sexual contact, oro\u2010genital contact, fisting, condom\u2010less anal sex, receptive anal sex, multiple non\u2010regular sexual partners and increased number of lifetime sexual partners. The presenting symptoms of MSM with intestinal spirochaetosis were diarrhoea, abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms and proctitis, including rectal pain, rectal bleeding rectal discharge, flatulence and tenesmus. We have highlighted some biological and behavioural factors and presenting symptoms associated with intestinal spirochaetosis in MSM which provide insight for clinicians, guidelines and future public health control strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T07:19:40Z","timestamp":1701328780000},"page":"680-686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Factors and presenting symptoms associated with intestinal spirochaetosis in men who have sex with men: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Lucy","family":"Rabuszko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health Brighton and Sussex Medical School  Brighton 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