{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:17:44Z","timestamp":1791980264941,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":161,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A collaboration of multidisciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato\u2010Oncology, the European Dermatology Forum, the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, and the European Union of Medical Specialists was formed to develop European recommendations on AK diagnosis and treatment, based on current literature and expert consensus. This guideline addresses the epidemiology, diagnostics, risk stratification and treatments in immunocompetent as well as immunosuppressed patients. Actinic keratoses (AK) are potential precursors of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and display typical histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of this malignancy in an early stage. They can develop into cSSC in\u00a0situ and become invasive in a low percentage of cases. AK is the most frequent neoplasia in white populations, frequently occurring within a cancerous field induced by ultraviolet radiation. Since it cannot be predicted, which lesion will progress to cSCC and when treatment is usually recommended. The diagnosis of AK and field cancerization is made by clinical examination. Dermatoscopy, confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography or line\u2010field confocal\u2010OCT can help in the differential diagnosis of AK and other skin neoplasms. A biopsy is indicated in clinically and\/or dermatoscopically suspicious and\/or treatment\u2010refractory lesions. The choice of treatment depends on patients' and lesion characteristics. For single non\u2010hyperkeratotic lesions, the treatment can be started upon patient's request with destructive treatments or topical treatments. For multiple lesions, field cancerization treatment is advised with topical treatments and photodynamic therapy. Preventive measures such as sun protection, self\u2010examination and repeated field cancerization treatments of previously affected skin areas in high\u2010risk patients are advised.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T08:34:04Z","timestamp":1709800444000},"page":"1024-1047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["European consensus\u2010based interdisciplinary guideline for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of actinic keratoses, epithelial\n                    <scp>UV<\/scp>\n                    \u2010induced dysplasia and field cancerization on behalf of European Association of Dermato\u2010Oncology, European Dermatology Forum, European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology and Union of Medical Specialists (Union Europ\u00e9enne des M\u00e9decins Sp\u00e9cialistes)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5221-5068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidija","family":"Kandolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence Military Medical Academy  Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1957-6600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ketty","family":"Peris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endrocrino Metaboliche Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. 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