{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:50:17Z","timestamp":1791557417786,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["022YFC2504804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["022YFC2504804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2504800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2504800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22022YFC3601800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22022YFC3601800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Dermatophytosis caused by the\n Trichophyton mentagrophytes\/T.\u2009interdigitale<\/jats:italic>\n species complex (TMTISC) has attracted global attention, with increasing reports of terbinafine\u2010resistant\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n in China.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological features of antifungal\u2010resistant TMTISC in China and monitor the prevalence of\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 230 TMTISC strains were isolated from nine tertiary hospitals across three economic regions of China. These isolates were identified through molecular sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, in\u00a0vitro antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was performed for eight drugs, following the EUCAST 11.0 protocol. Mutations in the squalene epoxidase (\n SQLE<\/jats:italic>\n ) gene were detected.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The phylogenetic tree revealed that 120 strains (52.17%) were\n T.\u2009mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic>\n , 92 (40.0%) were\n T.\u2009interdigitale<\/jats:italic>\n , and 18 (7.83%) were\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n . Eight different genotypes were identified, including TM\u2010IX, which was predominant in China, along with two newly discovered genotypes, TM\u2010XXX and TM\u2010XXXI. Among\n T.\u2009mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic>\n isolates, tinea faciei (44.17%) was the common clinical type, primarily isolated from the central region.\n T.\u2009interdigitale<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were mainly found in onychomycosis (36.96%),\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n was commonly isolated from tinea corporis (94.44%) and tinea cruris (55.56%). AFST showed that all isolates of\n T.\u2009interdigitale<\/jats:italic>\n and\n T.\u2009mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic>\n were susceptible to terbinafine [minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)\u2009<\u20090.125\u2009mg\/L] and voriconazole (MICs\u2009<\u20090.5\u2009mg\/L). All isolates of\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n were resistant to terbinafine (0.25 to >4.0\u2009mg\/L), exhibiting a single amino acid substitution in\n SQLE<\/jats:italic>\n (Phe397Leu, Leu393Ser or Phe415Cys). Additionally, elevated MICs were observed in TMTISC for itraconazole, miconazole, ciclopirox (1\u20132\u2009mg\/L) and griseofulvin (1\u201364\u2009mg\/L).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The TMTISC was predominantly composed of\n T.\u2009mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic>\n , followed by\n T.\u2009interdigitale<\/jats:italic>\n and\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n . A rising trend of reduced azoles susceptibility in TMTISC and multi\u2010drug resistance among\n T.\u2009indotineae<\/jats:italic>\n isolates has been observed in China.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.20752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T04:30:02Z","timestamp":1748061002000},"page":"199-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Antifungal resistance of the\n Trichophyton mentagrophytes\/Trichophyton interdigitale<\/i>\n species complex: Insights from the China Antifungal Resistance Dermatophytes Surveillance network Study (CARDS)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3483-8322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology, Institute of Dermatology Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking 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