{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T08:54:46Z","timestamp":1791536086172,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an LE\u2010specific cutaneous manifestation that can occur in isolation or with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Estimates of CLE incidence, skin cancer burden and progression to SLE in Asian populations are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the nationwide incidence of CLE in Korea, its association with premalignant and malignant skin lesions and the risk of progression to SLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This population\u2010based study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service\u2010National Health Information Database (2005\u20132020). CLE was identified using ICD\u201010 code L93; cases with SLE were included, whereas cases without SLE required ancillary testing or prescriptions. CLE and SLE diagnoses within 6\u2009months were considered concurrent. Progression to SLE was assessed using time\u2010to\u2010event analyses and cumulative incidence estimates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 32,337 patients with CLE were identified [mean (SD) age, 42.9 (17.4) years; 23,436 (72.5%) female], and 5367 (16.6%) had concomitant SLE. Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) was the most common subtype (22,463 [69.5%]), followed by other localized LE (8594 [26.6%]) and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) (3465 [10.7%]). Mean annual CLE incidence was 3.98 per 100,000 person\u2010years (95% CI, 3.94\u20134.03), with a modest upward trend (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      for trend\u2009=\u20090.014). CLE was associated with higher risks of actinic keratosis and cutaneous malignancies, most pronounced within the first 2\u2009years but remaining significant during follow\u2010up. A total of 563 patients (2.0%) developed SLE after CLE diagnosis, and the mean (SD) time to progression was 3.2 (3.0) years. Overall 5\u2010year cumulative incidence of progression to SLE was 11.4%, higher in SCLE than DLE (20.8% vs. 9.5%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CLE incidence in Korea was comparable to prior population\u2010based estimates, and CLE was associated with a higher risk of premalignant and malignant skin lesions. Considering progression from CLE to SLE clustered within the first 5\u2009years after CLE diagnosis, risk\u2010stratified evaluation during this period may be warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.70555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T13:10:55Z","timestamp":1781701855000},"page":"1692-1701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence of cutaneous lupus erythematosus and systemic progression: A Nationwide study in Korea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Seon Young","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hanyang University Medical Center  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pre\u2010Medicine, College of Medicine Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Biostatistics Laboratory, Medical Research Collaborating Center Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Mi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4240-9675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joo Yeon","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Hanyang University Medical Center  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of 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